Physiology & Measurement of Vocal Fold Vibration

生物力学研究方法提供了有关声带振动的信息，这已成为临床决策的重要内容。然而，临床医生可获得的日益复杂的外科技术将使提高了解特定发声异常的科学基础变得至关重要。这一应用要求继续支持喉生理学、病理生理学和生物力学相关领域的研究发展。这项实验工作的长期目标是更好地了解正常发声和病理性发声，并有助于开发有效、全面和无创的临床可行方法来表示和测量发声生理。这项提案有两个相关的部分。第一部分阐述了特定声带病理的生理学，以及特定的生物力学变化如何导致病理性发声。切除的喉部模型将被用来模拟声带力学特性的异常变化，如硬度、张力、近似变化和声带盖的垂直张力的变化。这些研究将测量僵硬的影响，皱褶上下唇内收的变化，声门不对称和声带张力的影响。将检查声带质量变化的结果、声带手术增强的具体效果以及与声带脱水相关的变化。测量声带僵硬、声带振动幅度和粘膜上皮波幅。其他措施将评估振动、发声阈值压力、声带接触面积以及接触面积和声门内压力的空间分布的稳定性和效率。作为切除喉模型的补充，将研究有限元分析(FEA)计算机模型和粘膜波模型。对特定生物力学变量的影响进行一系列系统测量的目的是为了更好地了解导致发声异常的机制。本建议的第二部分集中于开发一种多测量方法，以非侵入性地评估声带振动模式的特征。这部分研究将整合来自高速视频、PGG和EGG的数据，以改进基于系统分析的声带振动测量。使用非侵入性方法的测量将与切除的喉病理情况模型中的直接测量进行比较，以建立非侵入性测量的有效性和校准。来自这些对照实验研究的数据将与来自大型数据库的数据进行比较，该数据库同时记录了来自已知喉部病理患者的多项测量数据。

Biomechanical research approaches have contributed information about vocal fold vibration that has become important to clinical decision making. However, the increasingly sophisticated surgical techniques available to clinicians will make it critical to improve the scientific base understanding specific abnormalities of vocal production. This application requests support to continue development of research in the related fields of laryngeal physiology, pathophysiology and biomechanics. The long- range goals of this experimental work are to better understand both normal and pathological phonation and to contribute to the development of valid, comprehensive and noninvasive clinically feasible methods of representing and measuring the physiology of phonation. This proposal has two related parts. The first addresses the physiology of specific vocal fold pathologies and how particular biomechanical variations cause pathological phonation. An excised larynx model will be used to stimulate abnormal variations in vocal fold mechanical properties such as stiffness, tension, variations in approximation, and alterations in the vertical tension of vocal fold cover. The studies will measure the effects of stiffness, variations in the adduction of upper and lower lips of the folds and asymmetry of the glottis and of vocal fold tension. The results of vocal fold mass changes, the specific effects of surgical augmentation of the vocal folds and changes associated with dehydration of the vocal folds will be examined. Measurements will be made of vocal fold stiffness, amplitude of vocal fold vibration and mucosal epithelial wave. Additional measures will assess stability and efficiency of vibration, phonation threshold pressure, vocal fold contact area and the spatial distribution of the contact area and intraglottal stress. As a supplement to the excised larynx model, a finite element analysis (FEA) computer model and a mucosal wave model will be studied. The purpose of these series of systematic measurements of the effects of specific biomechanical variables is to better understand the mechanisms that result in abnormal phonation. The second part of this proposal focuses on development of a multiple-measurement approach in order to non-invasively evaluate the characteristics of vocal fold vibration patterns. This part of the study will integrate data from high-speed video, PGG and EGG to improve the measurement of vocal fold vibration based upon system analyses. Measurements using non-invasive methodologies will be compared with direct measurements in the excised larynx model of pathological conditions in order to establish validity and calibration for the noninvasive measures. The data from these controlled experimental studies will be compared to data from a large database of simultaneously recorded multiple measurements from patients with known laryngeal pathologies.