Application of SNP genotyping and rapid screening procedures to enable commercialisation of faba bean varieties with stem nematode resistance

蚕豆茎线虫是英国蚕豆的主要害虫。它降低了产量和质量，而且它在土壤中的持久性对蚕豆的种植地点造成了重大限制。这种作物为英国提供了一个巨大而有利可图的出口市场，但目前供应严重不足，表明种植面积增加的潜力相当大。如果茎线虫能够得到有效控制，种植者将能够扩大蚕豆种植面积，并有信心产量不会受到不利影响。对虫害的抗性提供了一种具有成本效益和对环境无害的控制手段。蚕豆种质资源中已知抗性来源，但目前还没有适合英国及其市场的抗性品种。蚕豆分子标记产生的最新进展，以及对线虫抗性表型筛选的改进，为快速、标记辅助开发抗线虫品种提供了机会。该项目的目标是在一个新的专门设计的蚕豆分离群体中定位与茎线虫抗性相关的基因，并在当前的育种计划中为这些基因进行选择，以便获得具有出口质量的抗病品种。该项目将为这种作物带来新的、高效和负担得起的育种技术，这种作物在过去十年里几乎没有研究支持，容易受到一些重大的生物压力，但它为英国提供了一个高价值的市场渠道，并提供了许多理想的环境效益。

Stem nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, is a major pest of Vicia faba beans in the UK. It reduces yield and quality, and its persistence in soil imposes a major constraint on where faba beans can be grown. The crop provides a large and lucrative export market for the UK, but this is currently significantly under-supplied, indicating considerable potential for an increased growing area. If stem nematode could be effectively controlled, growers would be able to expand faba bean acreage and have confidence that output would not be adversely affected. Resistance to the pest provides a cost effective and environmentally benign means of control. Sources of resistance are known in faba bean germplasm, yet there are no resistant varieties available appropriate for the UK and its markets. Recent developments in the generation of molecular markers in faba bean, and improvements in phenotypic screens for nematode resistance, provide an opportunity for the rapid, marker-assisted development of resistant varieties. The objectives of this project are to locate genes conferring stem nematode resistance in a new purpose-designed faba bean segregating population, and to select for these genes within the current breeding programme so that resistant varieties with export quality can be achieved. The project will bring new, efficient and affordable breeding techniques to a crop which has had little research support in the last decade, and is prone to some major biotic stresses, but which has a high value market outlet for the UK and delivers many desirable environmental benefits.