NEUROLOGY OF MEMORY

这是我们在1983年开始的一个项目中的第二次竞争延续。 最近一个供资期间（1987年至今）的工作取得了成果， 在27篇出版物中， 在猴子的健忘症模型，并在确定解剖 内侧颞叶记忆系统的组成部分。 这些发展 现在让我们来解决一个关于记忆功能的基本问题， 也就是说，这个系统的各个结构如何对记忆做出贡献。 目前的建议涉及详细的行为和解剖分析 一组正常的猴子和七组手术的猴子 包括内侧颞叶受损的病人 存储系统和区域TE。 两大长期存在的问题将是 地址： (1)短期记忆。尽管其理论上的重要性， 除了人类健忘症，短期记忆很少被评估， 猴子或其他动物。 我们将确定内侧的损伤 颞叶保留了短期记忆 该组件的一个关键方面是 是要问的是， 短期记忆损伤后，涉及鼻周和 海马旁皮质更类似于 海马病变或与TE病变相关的模式。（二） 内侧颞叶内的功能特化。 我们将 确定内侧颞叶记忆系统的组成部分 有专门的记忆功能， 结构导致不成比例的赤字，在任何两个领域， 相对于识别记忆的记忆：目标-奖励关联和 空间记忆 我们还将参考病变的影响 内侧颞叶，这被预测会影响记忆， 影响视觉处理，在一个区域， 我们希望能找到视觉处理缺陷 因此，我们也将 确定对TE区病变的这些区域的影响。 这项工作 被灵长类颞叶神经解剖学的新事实所证实 对特定环境的影响做出不同预测的脑叶 损害对视觉和空间记忆任务表现的影响。 另外我们 将比较海马和杏仁核的作用 病变对包括相邻皮质在内的较大病变的影响。 海马损伤对空间记忆的影响 更大的病变程度表明海马体有一个 空间记忆的特殊作用。

This is our second competing continuation for a project begun in 1983. Work during the most recent funding period (1987-present) has resulted in 27 publications that lay out the steps that have established an animal model of amnesia in the monkey and in identifying the anatomical components of the medial temporal lobe memory system. These developments allow us to now address a fundamental issue concerning memory function, that is, how individual structures of this system contribute to memory. The present proposal involves detailed behavioral and anatomic analyses of a group of normal monkeys and seven operated groups of monkeys including those with damage to components of the medial temporal lobe memory system and to area TE. Two major long-standing issues will be addressed: (1) Short-term Memory. Despite its theoretical importance, and its sparing in human amnesia, short-term memory has rarely been assessed in monkeys or other animals. We will determine whether damage to the medial temporal lobe spares short-term memory. A key aspect of this component of the project is to ask whether the pattern of performance on tests of short-term memory following lesions that involve the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortex resembles more closely the pattern associated with lesions of the hippocampus or the pattern associated with TE lesions. (2) Specialization of Function Within the Medial Temporal Lobe. We will determine if the components of the medial temporal lobe memory system have specialized memory functions by determining if lesions of these structures result in disproportionate deficits in any of two domains of memory relative to recognition memory: objective-reward association and spatial memory. We will also reference the effects of lesions in the medial temporal lobe, which are predicted to affect memory without affecting visual processing, to the effects of damage in an area where we expect to find a visual processing deficit. Thus, we will also determine the effect on these domains of lesions to area TE. This work is advantaged by new facts about the neuroanatomy of the primate temporal lobe that make differential predictions about the effects of specific lesions on visual and spatial memory task performance. In addition, we will compare the effects of circumscribed hippocampal and amygdala lesions to the effects of larger lesions that include adjacent cortex. A finding that hippocampal damage effects spatial memory to the same degree as do larger lesions would suggest that the hippocampus has a special role in spatial memory.