Maintenance of Immunologic Memory to Measles Vaccine

描述：（改编自申请人的摘要）Peter Panum报道了一个 1846年，法罗群岛的麻疹疫情;他指出， 在65年前的上一次流行病中患麻疹的人幸免于难。这 是现代第一次观察到免疫记忆 长寿1968年，现行的麻疹减毒活疫苗获得许可 30年后，美国没有发现本土麻疹病例。 这种疫苗的成功强调了开发疫苗的必要性 对于其他长期免疫记忆不明显的病原体 (e.g.流感、呼吸道合胞病毒和HIV）。为此， 本课题的目的是建立一种长期免疫抑制的动物模型， 麻疹疫苗在恒河猴体内的记忆。麻疹病毒是致病性的， 恒河猴和受感染猴子的免疫反应类似于 那些在人类身上。猴麻疹减毒活疫苗免疫试验 保护他们免受全身感染和疾病后，挑战与 致病性麻疹病毒这一提议有两个目标和假设。 1.记忆B和T细胞在血液和身体组织中循环 与幼稚细胞不同，淋巴细胞循环模式和 在组织中的保留与最初的免疫途径有关。2.的 在长期记忆中持续存在的记忆B细胞和T细胞的水平是 由初次免疫过程中产生的病毒抗原量决定 反应

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract) Peter Panum reported on a measles epidemic in the Faroe Islands in 1846; he noted that those individuals who had measles during the last epidemic, 65 years earlier, were spared. This was the first observation in the modern era that immunologic memory is long-lived. In 1968, the current live-attenuated measles vaccine was licensed and 30 years later, no indigenous cases of measles were detected in the U.S. The success of this vaccine underscores the necessity for developing vaccines for other pathogens for which long-lived immunologic memory is not apparent (e.g. influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and HIV). Toward this end, the goal of this proposal is to establish an animal model of long-term immunologic memory to measles vaccine in the rhesus monkey. Measles virus is pathogenic in rhesus monkeys and the immune responses of infected monkeys are similar to those in humans. Vaccination of monkeys with live attenuated measles vaccine protects them from systemic infection and disease after challenge with pathogenic measles virus. There are two aims and hypotheses for this proposal. 1. Memory B and T cells circulate in the blood and through body tissues differently than do naive cells, and patterns of Iymphocyte circulation and retention in tissues are related to the initial route of immunization. 2. The levels of memory B and T cells that persist during long-term memory are determined by the amount of viral antigen produced during the primary immune response.