Continental influence on English coinage, 1154-1216

本项目将考察英格兰安吉文王统治时期(1154-1216)大陆对英国货币的影响。虽然对硬币的研究已经相当成功地融入了主流的盎格鲁-撒克逊人和早期诺曼人的历史，但12世纪的情况并非如此。这个项目将通过研究造币的证据和现有的历史叙述来填补这一空白，这是一种跨学科的方法，将以一种新的方式纳入货币证据。这种新的方法将挑战当前对这一时期硬币变化的历史理解，将它们置于更具欧洲性的背景下。目前，历史学家将亨利二世、理查德一世和约翰(1154-1216)统治时期的硬币放在英国货币发展的背景下看待，支持这样的观点，即英格兰在更广泛的欧洲发展背景下是例外的。然而，作为英格兰的安吉温国王，这三位尺子在英格兰在位期间都拥有大陆领土，因此，如果不研究这一时期欧洲大陆对英格兰的影响，你只看到了一半的情况。通过研究12世纪的英国硬币并将其纳入历史叙事，这个项目将挑战这一时期英国货币发展是例外的观点。因此，这一项目还将有助于解决安吉万人的土地是否构成一个“帝国”这一历史问题。

This project will examine the continental influence on English coinage during the reigns of the Angevin kings of England (1154-1216). Whilst the study of coinage has been integrated fairly successfully into mainstream Anglo-Saxon and early Norman history, this is not the case for the twelfth-century. This project will address this lacuna by studying the evidence of the coinage in parallel with the existing historical narrative, an interdisciplinary approach which will incorporate numismatic evidence in a new way. This new approach will challenge the current historical understanding of changes to coinage during this period by placing them in a more continental setting. Currently the coinage during the reigns of Henry II, Richard I and John (1154-1216) are viewed by historians in the context of English monetary developments, supporting the view that England was exceptional in the context of wider European developments. However, as Angevin kings of England all three of these rulers held continental lands whilst on the English throne, therefore by not studying the influence of the continent on England during this period you are only looking at half the picture. By studying twelfth century English coinage and incorporating it into the historical narrative, this project will challenge the view that English monetary developments during this period were exceptional. Consequently, this project will also contribute to the historical question of whether or not the lands of the Angevins constituted an 'Empire'.