Population Database for the United States in 1880

描述(由申请人提供)：本提案寻求为1880年的美国人口数据库继续提供资金。在过去的三年里，明尼苏达人口中心清理、编辑和编码了描述1880年人口普查统计的所有5000万美国人的基本人口特征的记录。虽然这个数据库涵盖了整个1880年的人口，但它并不包括所有的人口普查变量。为了挖掘这些数据的研究潜力，我们现在建议对数据库进行两项改进：1.我们将把关于健康、教育、就业、非家庭关系和婚礼的缺失信息添加到1880年非西班牙裔白人人口的10%样本和包含黑人、美国印第安人、中国人和西班牙裔美国人的20%的家庭样本中。完成的样本将为570万人提供信息。随着过去十年数据存储和处理成本的快速下降，学者们越来越多地利用大人口普查样本的力量。10%的样本包括1880年人口普查收集的所有信息，将为大规模人口变化分析提供基线。1880年人口普查中包含的健康信息特别有价值，因为它提供了任何国家可获得的关于发病率的最早的、具有国家代表性的详细说明。这些数据将提供对关键流行病学转变开始时发病率的无与伦比的洞察。它们将使研究人员能够衡量公共卫生措施和医疗技术的长期变化的影响，并在缺乏有效医疗的情况下评估环境因素对健康的影响。2.我们将利用新的记录链接和数据挖掘技术，从1860年、1870年、1900年和1910年的人口普查到1880年的人口普查，创建具有代表性的个人和家庭群体样本。这些具有代表性的相关样本将为研究人员提供前所未有的机会，在工业发展的早期阶段对社会和地理流动性以及家庭过渡进行个人层面的分析。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks continuation funding for the Population Database of the United States in 1880. Over the past three years, the Minnesota Population Center has cleaned, edited, and coded records describing basic demographic characteristics of all fifty million Americans enumerated by the Census of 1880. Although this database covers the entire 1880 population, it does not include all census variables. To exploit the research potential of these data, we now propose two improvements to the database: 1. We will add the missing information on health, education, employment, non-family relationships, and nuptiality to a ten-percent sample of the 1880 non-Hispanic white population and a twenty-percent sample of households containing blacks, American Indians, Chinese, and Hispanics. The completed sample will provide information for 5.7 million persons. With the rapid decline in data storage and processing costs during the past decade, scholars are increasingly capitalizing on the power of large census samples. A ten percent sample including all the information collected by the 1880 population census will provide a baseline for large-scale analysis of demographic change. The health information contained in the 1880 census is especially valuable, since it provides the earliest detailed nationally representative account of morbidity available for any country. These data will provide unparalleled insight into morbidity at the beginning of a key epidemiological transition. They will allow researchers to gauge the impact of long-run changes in public health measures and medical technology and to assess the impact of environmental factors on health in the absence of effective medical treatment. 2. We will take advantage of new record-linkage and data-mining technology to create linked representative samples of individuals and family groups from the censuses of 1860, 1870, 1900, and 1910 to the 1880 census. These representative linked samples will provide unprecedented opportunities for researchers to carry out individual-level analyses of social and geographic mobility and family transitions in the early stages of industrial development.