GENES, ENVIRONMENT & TOBACCO USE ACROSS CULTURES

南加州大学环太平洋跨学科烟草使用研究中心(USC-PR TTURC)将调查烟草和酒精使用预防计划的有效性(1)跨文化，(2)在特定文化背景下，以及(3)取决于个人水平的性格特征差异。南加州大学以前的TTURC项目侧重于通过调查美国和中国的多民族和多文化人口来表征文化在烟草使用行为和预防中的作用。研究表明，文化背景和个人倾向对预防准备具有潜在的重要调节作用。拟议的USC-PR TTURC将通过三个项目和四个核心来扩展这一研究计划。项目1，物质使用的遗传和社会环境风险，将架起心理学、社会学和行为遗传学的桥梁，研究南加州和青岛的青少年双胞胎青少年吸烟和酒精使用的遗传和社会环境风险和保护因素，中国。项目2，预防计划中的效果缓和和调解，将调查在美国和中国的青年接触循证预防计划后，与药物使用结果相关的特定社会、行为和计划特征。这项调查不仅将确定每个领域变量的主效应的存在，而且重要的是，在预测预防结果时，儿童的个人和社会特征与项目特征之间是否存在交互影响。项目3，中国青少年的遗传变异和烟草使用，将调查这样一个假设，即导致倾向特征的遗传因素，如敌意和抑郁，可能会对个人的烟草使用进程产生重大影响，并缓和烟草控制干预和预防试验的有效性。测量核心将通过研究、开发和验证评估烟草使用及其心理社会相关性的措施来协助TTURC项目。统计核心将为TTURC项目提供数据管理和统计支持。职业发展核心将提供各种培训机会，以支持下一代跨学科科学家的发展，以增进我们对烟草使用和酒精共病的复杂社会、文化、生物和环境决定因素的知识。 行政-科学联络核心将提供科学和行政领导，这是该中心高效和富有成效的运作的关键。这个跨学科的合作实验室！演讲将导致对跨文化背景和跨个人的青少年药物使用的病因有更全面的了解，从而制定更有效的预防计划。

The University of Southern California _ Pacific Rim Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center (USC-PR TTURC) will investigate the efficacy of tobacco and alcohol use prevention programs (1) across cultures, (2) within specific cultural contexts, and (3) dependent on individual-level variations for dispositional attributes. The previous USC TTURC projects focused on characterizing the role of culture in tobacco use behavior and prevention by investigating multiethnic and multicultural populations within the US and in China. The research indicated that cultural context and individual disposition have potentially important moderator effects on prevention prepares. The proposed USC-PR TTURC will extend this program of research with three projects and four cores. Project 1, Heritable and social-environment risks for substance use, will bridge the disciplines of psychology, sociology, and behavioral genetics to examine the genetic and social-environmental risk and protective factors for adolescent tobacco and alcohol use among adolescent twins in Southern California and Qingdao, China. Project 2, Effect moderation and mediation in prevention programs, will investigate specific social, behavioral, and programmatic characteristics that are associated with substance use outcomes following exposure to evidence-based prevention programs in the U.S. and Chinese youth. This investigation will determine not only the presence of main effects for variables in each domain but, significantly, the presence of interactive effects between children's personal and social characteristics and program characteristics in the prediction of prevention outcomes. Project 3, Genetic Variants and Tobacco Use in Chinese Adolescents, will investigate the hypothesis that genetic factors responsible for dispositional attributes, such as hostility and depression, may substantially influence both an individual's tobacco use progression and moderate the effectiveness of tobacco control intervention and prevention trials. The Measurement Core will assist TTURC projects by researching, developing, and validating measures to assess tobacco use and its psychosocial correlates. The Statistics Core will provide data management and statistical support for TTURC projects. The Career Development Core will provide a variety of training opportunities to support the development of the next generation of transdisciplinary scientists to advance our knowledge of the complex social, cultural, biological, and environmental determinants of tobacco use and alcohol comorbidity. The Administrative _ Scientific Liaison Core will provide the scientific and administrative leadership key to the efficient and productive operation of the Center. This transdisciplinary collab! oration will lead to a more complete understanding of the etiology of adolescent substance use across cultural contexts and across individuals, leading to the development of more effective prevention programs.