MILK SUPPLEMENTATION AND PEDIATRIC METABOLIC SYNDROME

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。过去几十年来，面临超重和肥胖风险的儿童数量有所增加。在成人中观察到，儿童超重和肥胖与疾病风险增加和生活质量下降有关。很大一部分超重儿童有胰岛素抵抗、血压升高和脂质浓度异常。最近，高乳制品和钙摄入量与成年人较低的体重有关。在拟议的研究计划中，我们打算招募胰岛素抵抗的超重儿童。参与这项研究的儿童通常每天只喝一份牛奶。然而，在为期16周的研究期间，一半的孩子将被要求用4份牛奶取代他们所有的日常高热量饮料，1份调味低脂牛奶和3份纯脱脂牛奶。另一半的孩子将被要求用一份纯脱脂牛奶和三份水果饮料取代他们每天所有的高热量饮料。在研究开始和结束时，将测量儿童的体重、身高、腰围和臀围。他们的身体成分也将通过磁共振成像（MRI）测量，并在这些时间点进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）。此外，在开始和第4、8、12和16周时，将采集血液样本以测量葡萄糖、胰岛素、血脂、血压，并进行生物电阻抗分析（BIA）测试以评估体脂百分比和无脂质量。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The number of children at risk of overweight and obese has increased in the past decades. As observed in adults, overweight and obesity in children are associated with increased risk of diseases and decreased quality of life. A high proportion of overweight children is insulin resistant and has elevated blood pressure and abnormal lipid concentrations. High dairy and calcium consumption have recently been linked to lower body weight in adults. In the proposed research plan, we intend to recruit overweight children who are also insulin resistant. Children included in this study will typically consume one serving of milk per day. However, during the 16 week study period, half of the children will be asked to replace all of their daily caloric beverages with 4 servings of milk, one flavored low-fat and 3 plain skim milk. The other half of the children will be asked to replace all of their daily caloric beverages with one serving of plain skim milk and 3 servings of fruit drink. The children's body weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences will be measured at the beginning and at the end of the study. Their body composition will also be measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) will be done at these time points. Also, at the beginning and at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16 blood samples will be taken to measure glucose, insulin, lipids, , blood pressure will be measured and a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) test will be done to assess percent body fat and fat-free mass.