HIV/AIDS Prevention Program Archive Update/Augmentation

描述(由申请人提供)：艾滋病毒感染和预防的趋势正在发生变化。尽管越来越多的预防努力已证明有效，但妇女和有色人种在艾滋病毒阳性者中所占比例仍然不成比例。虽然直到最近，预防工作一直侧重于艾滋病毒阴性者，但人们越来越认识到，也有必要以艾滋病毒阳性者为目标。艾滋病毒研究人员和从业人员还将注意力转向“结构性干预”(例如，政策和法律、组织程序、媒体宣传、环境干预)与针对个人或小群体的流行“行为干预”产生协同效应的潜力。拟议的项目将为艾滋病毒预防专业人员提供关键资源，促进有效的行为和结构性艾滋病毒预防干预措施的获取、复制和重新评估。这些资源将更新和增强现有的社会计量学艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防计划档案(HAPPA)，这是一个广泛传播的复制工具包集合，用于针对艾滋病毒阴性成年人的有效行为预防计划。具体地说，该项目将：第一，用针对艾滋病毒阴性和阳性成年人的(新的)有效行为干预方案，特别是针对妇女和有色人种的方案，加强HAPPA；第二，开发3种创新资源来补充HAPPA--(1)基于研究的方案适应工具包，包括与HAPPA试剂盒一起使用的定制版本和与在其他地方获得的有效方案一起使用的独立版本；(2)有效结构性干预简编，其中包括经验性验证的结构性干预的内容和结果；以及(3)在线干预选择资源，帮助用户识别适合其当地环境和目标人群的经验证的行为和结构性干预措施。在第一阶段，有效的干预措施将由一个科学家专家小组确定和选择，并与其开发商签署协议，以获取、打包和传播这些干预措施。将开发所有产品的原型，并将与艾滋病毒预防专业人员一起进行可用性测试。拟议的研究将为艾滋病毒预防专业人员开发以科学为基础的资源，帮助他们适当地选择、调整、实施和评估已经证明有效的艾滋病毒预防干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Trends in HIV infection and prevention are changing. Although a growing number of prevention efforts have demonstrated efficacy, women and people of color still represent a disproportionate percentage of HIV-positive persons. While prevention has until recently focused on HIV-negative persons, the need to also target HIV-positives is increasingly being recognized. HIV researchers and practitioners are also turning attention to the potential of "structural interventions" (e.g., policies and laws, organizational procedures, media campaigns, environmental interventions) to have synergistic effects with the prevailing "behavioral interventions" that target individuals or small groups. The proposed project will provide HIV prevention professionals with key resources that facilitate access to, replication of, and re-evaluation of efficacious behavioral as well as structural HIV prevention interventions. These resources will update and augment Sociometrics existing HIV/AIDS Prevention Program Archive (HAPPA), a widely-disseminated collection of replication kits for efficacious behavioral prevention programs targeting HIV-negative adults. Specifically, the project will: first, augment HAPPA with (new) efficacious behavioral intervention programs for HIV-negative and-positive adults, particularly programs aimed at women and people of color; and, second, develop 3 innovative resources to complement HAPPA--(1) a research-based Program Adaptation Toolkit, including a customized version for use with HAPPA kits and a stand-alone version for use with efficacious programs acquired elsewhere; (2) a Compendium of Effective Structural Interventions that includes the content and findings of empirically-validated structural interventions; and (3) an Online Intervention Selection Resource to help users identify empirically- validated behavioral and structural interventions suited to their local context and target population. In Phase I, efficacious interventions will be identified and selected by a Scientist Expert Panel and Agreements signed with their developers to acquire, package, and disseminate them. Prototypes of all products will be developed and will undergo usability testing with HIV prevention professionals. The proposed research will develop science-based resources for HIV prevention professionals that will help them to appropriately select, adapt, implement, and evaluate HIV prevention interventions that have already demonstrated evidence of effectiveness.