Three-dimensional Tomographic Angiography

描述（由申请人提供）：识别将从特定治疗程序中受益的患者需要准确评估狭窄的严重程度、几何形状和空间方向。目前，大多数治疗决策都是基于通过数字减影血管造影术获得的信息。标准血管造影图像不能提供做出治疗决策所需的足够信息。这个为期四年的项目的长期目标是不断开发锥形束CT血管造影（CBCTA）成像技术，以提供诊断和治疗决策所需的有用的三维（3D）血管图像。静脉内锥形束CT血管造影（IV-CBCTA）结合了锥形束CT成像原理和静脉内数字血管造影原理。IV-CBCTA仅需要单次静脉注射造影剂和容积扫描，即可提供头颈部血管解剖结构和狭窄的真实3D描述。这种IV-CBCTA成像技术将上级于传统血管造影术，并具有强大的临床影响，因为它将提供狭窄、动脉瘤和其他不规则和畸形的直接、明确和准确的3D测量，包括口径、几何形状和空间方向，同时减少手术的侵入性、手术时间和总X射线暴露。IV-CBCTA继续通过计算机模拟、体模和动物研究进行开发和验证，这些研究在使用平板探测器的旋转CBCTA成像仪上进行。具体而言，本研究的目标是：1）优化锥束血管重建算法的实现，实现在线重建; 2）开发基于平板探测器的IV-CBCTA成像原型系统; 3）进行体模研究，验证IV-CBCTA技术并优化系统性能;以及4）将原型成像器用于动物实验，作为人类研究的前奏。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Identification of patients who will benefit from a specific therapeutic procedure requires the accurate assessment of the severity of stenoses, their geometry and spatial orientation. Most therapeutic decisions are currently based on information obtained through digital subtraction angiography. Standard angiographic images are not providing sufficient information needed to make therapeutic decisions. The long-term goal of this four-year project is to continually develop cone beam CT angiography (CBCTA) imaging technique to provide useful three-dimensional (3D) vascular images needed for diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Intravenous cone beam CT angiography (IV-CBCTA) combines cone beam CT imaging principles with those of intravenous digital angiography. IV-CBCTA requires only a single intravenous contrast injection and volume scan to provide a true 3D description of vascular anatomy and stenoses in head and neck. This IV-CBCTA imaging technique will be superior to conventional angiography and have a strong clinical impact because it will provide a direct, unambiguous and accurate 3D measurement of stenoses, aneurysms, and other irregularities and malformations, including caliber, geometry and spatial orientation, while reducing the invasiveness of the procedure, procedure time and total x-ray exposure. IV-CBCTA continues to be developed and validated through computer simulation, phantom, and animal studies performed on a rotational CBCTA imager that uses a flat panel detector. Specifically, the aims of the proposed research are: 1) to optimize the implementation of cone beam vascular reconstruction algorithms to achieve on-line reconstruction; 2) to develop the flat panel detector-based prototype imaging system for IV-CBCTA imaging 3) to perform phantom studies to validate the IV-CBCTA technique and optimize the system performance; and 4) to use the prototype imager for animal experiments as a prelude to human studies.