Indebted to the state: the role of debts-to-government in the social reproduction of the relative surplus population in post-financial crisis England

随着生活成本危机席卷英国，对家庭不稳定性和债务不断上升的担忧再次成为焦点。在这方面，目前的项目力求对关于债务在低收入家庭社会再生产中的作用的现有文献作出贡献。然而，它将通过调查一种以前被忽视的越来越有问题的家庭债务形式，即欠国家的债务，来解决文献中的一个关键空白。这项研究将特别关注英国两种最常见的政府债务形式：福利超额支付和理事会拖欠税款。该项目旨在研究这些政府债务在英国的重要性如何增长，它们如何影响人们与私人信贷的互动和使用，以及它们如何潜在地破坏低收入家庭的社会再生产，借鉴马克思的相对过剩人口概念。该项目还试图探索这些债务的产生和收取揭示了国家在金融危机后的英格兰中不断变化的角色。在这样做的时候，它将借鉴Soederberg（2014）的工作，该工作理论上认为，国家在促进对信贷的依赖方面发挥着关键作用，以维持相对过剩人口的社会再生产，从而创造一个信贷引导的积累市场。通过对政府债务的研究，本研究旨在阐明国家实现这一目标的机制之一。因此，该项目旨在解决以下研究问题：1。为什么自全球金融危机以来，政府债务增加了，通过哪些形式？2.这些债务的产生在相对过剩人口的社会再生产中起着什么样的作用？3.作为一个信贷引导的积累市场，政府债务在再现相对过剩人口方面扮演着什么角色？4.国家的收债行为对相对过剩人口的社会再生产有什么影响？5.这些政府债务的产生和收集揭示了国家在金融危机后的英国所扮演的角色？通过调查这些政府债务对社会再生产的影响，该项目将进一步加深我们对国家干预如何约束和重建相对过剩人口的理解。具体而言，它将阐明国家积极创造债务是如何使相对过剩的人口处于接近劳动力市场的不稳定地位，从而受到市场力量的约束。借鉴Soederberg（2014）的债务福利国家概念，该项目还将研究国家创造的这些债务如何促进对信贷的依赖，从而可能破坏相对过剩人口的社会再生产。为了实现这一目标，该项目结合了深入的，半结构化的采访，宣传，立法和政策文件有关的创建和收集这些债务的政府。将与欠国家债务的相对过剩人口成员，债务顾问，福利顾问以及为工作和养老金部，HMRC和地方当局工作的国家行为者进行访谈。因此，访谈将涉及不同的视角，为那些负债者的经历提供宝贵的见解，支持和管理国家官僚机构的逻辑，以及负责两者之间联络的专业人士的经验。

As a cost-living crisis grips the United Kingdom, concern about rising household precarity and indebtedness has again come to the fore. In this context, the current project seeks to contribute to the existing literature on the role of debt in the social reproduction of low-income households. However, it will address a key lacuna within the literature by investigating an increasingly problematic form of household debt that has previously been neglected, namely debts owed to the state. The study will focus in particular on two of the most common forms of debts-to-government in the UK: benefit overpayments and council tax arrears. The project aims to investigate how these debts-to-government have grown in significance in the UK, how they influence people's interactions with and use of private credit, and how they potentially undermine the social reproduction of low-income households, drawing on Marx's concept of the relative surplus population. The project also seeks to explore what the creation and collection of these debts reveals about the changing role of the state in post-financial crisis England. In doing so, it will draw upon Soederberg's (2014) work which theorises that the state plays a key role in fostering a reliance upon credit to sustain social reproduction among the relative surplus population, thereby creating a market for credit-led accumulation. By investigating debts-to-government, this study aims to elucidate one of the mechanisms via which the state may achieve this. The project, therefore, aims to address the following research questions:1. Why have debts-to-government increased since the Global Financial Crisis, and through which forms?2. What role does the creation of these debts play in the social reproduction of relative surplus populations?3. What role do debts-to-government play in reproducing relative surplus populations as a market for credit-led accumulation?4. What impact do the debt collection practices of the state have on the social reproduction of relative surplus populations?5. What does the creation and collection of these debts-to-government reveal about the role of the state in post-financial crisis England?Through an investigation into the impacts that these debts-to-government have on social reproduction, the project will further develop our understanding of how state intervention disciplines and reconstructs the relative surplus population. Specifically, it will elucidate how the active creation of debt by the state serves to hold relative surplus populations in an unstable position close to the labour market, and thus subject to the disciplining effects of market forces. Drawing on Soederberg's (2014) concept of the debtfare state, the project will also investigate how these debts created by the state foster a reliance on credit, and thus potentially risk undermining the social reproduction of relative surplus populations. In order to achieve this, the project combines a detailed examination of the advocacy, legislation and policy documentation pertinent to the creation and collection of these debts-to-government with in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Interviews will be conducted with members of the relative surplus population that are indebted to the state, debt advisors, welfare advisors, and state actors working for the Department for Work and Pensions, HMRC, and local authorities. The interviews will thus entail varied perspectives, providing valuable insight into the experiences of those that are indebted, the logics that underpin and govern the state bureaucracy, and the experiences of those professionals that are tasked with liaising between the two.