Body Weight, Adiposity, Energetics and Longevity

描述（由申请人提供）：R13体重、肥胖、能量和寿命：项目总结/摘要热量限制（CR）延缓许多物种的衰老。肥胖会增加人类的死亡率。然而，除了这种表面上的共性，这两种现象之间的联系并不完全清楚。因此，肥胖的有害作用和CR的有益作用背后的机制知之甚少，几乎可以肯定是多方面的。以前，一个普遍的观点是，CR的抗衰老作用与体重或体脂减少无关。今天，人们对肥胖和能量在长寿中的作用重新燃起了兴趣。来自模式生物和人类临床、实验室和流行病学研究的新数据都表明，肥胖确实可能在CR的延长寿命效应和肥胖的缩短寿命效应中发挥作用。获得若干新兴资源（NHANES BIA和DXA数据，健康ABC研究，CALERIE研究，非人类灵长类动物和小鼠模型）提供了解决新问题的机会，这些问题涉及减少能量摄入的程度，负能量平衡，较低的体重，减少的体脂，特定仓库中减少的体脂，体重或脂肪减轻的动态过程，甚至饥饿本身也在影响寿命方面发挥作用。这次会议将汇集一个多样化的高度跨学科的研究小组，以解决体重，肥胖，精力充沛和长寿之间的联系。R13体重、肥胖、能量和寿命：项目叙述体重、肥胖、能量和寿命之间存在复杂的相互作用。这次为期两天的会议将汇集来自不同学科的专家科学家，探讨有关这些相互作用的未回答的问题，并为未来的研究引入新的想法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): R13 Body Weight, Adiposity, Energetics and Longevity: Project Summary/Abstract Caloric restriction (CR) retards aging in many species. Obesity increases mortality rate in humans. Yet beyond this superficial commonality, the connections between these two phenomena are incompletely known. So to, the mechanisms behind obesity's deleterious and CR's salubrious effects are minimally known and almost certainly manifold. Formerly, a common view was that CR's anti-aging effects were not related to reduced body weight or body fat. Today there is rekindled interest in the role of adiposity and energetics in longevity. New data from model organisms and clinical, laboratory, and epidemiologic studies in humans all suggest that adiposity may indeed play a role in the life-prolonging effects of CR and in the life-shortening effects of obesity. Access to several emerging resources (NHANES BIA and DXA data, The Health ABC Study, the CALERIE studies, non-human primate and mouse models) offer the opportunity to address new questions about the extent to which reduced energy intake, negative energy balance, lower body weight, reduced body fat, reduced body fat in specific depots, the dynamic process of weight or fat loss, or even hunger per se play roles in influencing longevity. This meeting will assemble a diverse highly-interdisciplinary group of investigators to address the connections among body weight, adiposity, energetics and longevity. R13 Body Weight, Adiposity, Energetics and Longevity: Project Narrative There is complex interactions among body weight, adiposity, energetic, and longevity. This 2-day meeting will bring together expert scientists from diverse disciplines to explore unanswered questions about these interactions and to introduce novel thoughts for future research.