Ecstasy "Epidemic" and Youth: Trends, Comorbidity, Risk and Protective Factors

描述（由申请人提供）：此修订后的R 01申请是为了响应最近的计划公告（PA-04-152）：MDMA：需要更加重视的研究领域。其目的是研究青年人使用摇头丸的情况。美国有1，000多万人一生中至少使用过一次摇头丸，其中大多数是青年，因此迫切需要了解与使用摇头丸有关的模式、风险和保护因素，以便能够为这一人群提供充分的预防和干预。拟议项目是对（1）7年数据的二次分析，（1999-2005年）全国药物使用和健康调查的一系列年度调查（NSDUH，以前称为全国药物滥用家庭调查（NHSDA））和（2）全国家长和青少年调查（NSPY），这是一项针对青少年及其父母的药物使用和态度的纵向调查，对物质使用的信念和意图，以及风险因素。研究目的：（1）描述1999年至2005年青年中摇头丸使用的趋势;审查这些趋势是否因性别、种族和地理区域而异;审查国家政策对青年中摇头丸使用和摇头丸使用趋势的影响; (3)评估青年人使用摇头丸与情绪和行为问题以及自杀行为的关系，控制其他药物的使用;检查这种关系的模式是否因性别而异;（4）评估青年人使用摇头丸的风险和保护因素（在个人层面，家庭层面和社区层面）。查明与摇头丸使用有关的独特因素以及与其他物质使用有关的共同因素。希望这一项目的研究结果将有助于我们更好地了解摇头丸使用的模式以及风险和保护因素，并为在这一重要领域开展具有临床和政策相关性的更具体的研究指明方向。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This revised R01 application is in response to the recent Program Announcement (PA-04-152): MDMA: Research Areas Needing More Emphasis. Its purpose is to study use of ecstasy (MDMA) in youth. With over 10 million people in the United States having used ecstasy at least once in their lives and majority of them being youth, there is an urgent need to understand the patterns and risk and protective factors associated with its use to be able to provide adequate prevention and intervention to this population. The proposed project is a secondary analysis of (1) data from a 7-year (1999-2005) series of annual surveys from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, formerly called the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA)) and (2) the National Survey of Parents and Youth (NSPY), a longitudinal survey of youth and their parents on their substance use, and attitudes, beliefs and intentions towards substance use, and risk factors. Study aims: (1) To describe trends in ecstasy use from 1999 to 2005 in youth; to examine if the trends differ by gender, ethnicity and geographic area; to examine the effects of national policies on ecstasy use and on trends of ecstasy use in youth: (2) To examine ecstasy use in relation to use of other substances in youth. (3) To assess the relationship of ecstasy use with emotional and behavioral problems, as well as suicidal behaviors in youth, controlling for use of other drugs; to examine if the patterns of the relationships differ by gender; and (4) To assess risk and protective factors (at the individual level, family level, and community level) for ecstasy use in youth. To identify factors uniquely associated with ecstasy use and those shared with use of other substances. It is hoped that the findings of this project will help us to better understand patterns of ecstasy use, as well as risk and protective factors, and point the way to more specific research with clinical and policy relevance in this important field.