Ecstasy "Epidemic" and Youth: Trends, Comorbidity, Risk and Protective Factors

修订后的R 01申请是对最近的计划公告（PA-04-152）的回应：MDMA： 需要更加重视的研究领域。其目的是研究青年人使用摇头丸的情况。与 美国有超过1000万人一生中至少使用过一次摇头丸， 他们是年轻人，迫切需要了解这些模式以及风险和保护因素。 与其使用相关的是，能够为这一人群提供适当的预防和干预。 拟议的项目是对（1）7年（1999-2005年）系列年度调查的数据进行二次分析 全国药物使用和健康调查（NSDUH，以前称为全国家庭调查） （2）全国父母和青年调查（NSPY），一项关于药物滥用的纵向调查。 青少年及其父母对药物使用的态度、信念和意图， 和风险因素。 研究目的：（1）描述1999年至2005年青年人使用摇头丸的趋势;审查这些趋势是否不同 审查国家政策对摇头丸使用的影响， 青年人使用摇头丸的趋势：（2）审查青年人使用摇头丸与使用其他物质的关系。 (3)评估摇头丸使用与情绪和行为问题以及自杀的关系 青年的行为，控制其他药物的使用;检查关系的模式是否因 性别;及（4）评估风险及保护因素（在个人层面、家庭层面及社区层面 青年人使用摇头丸的情况。确定与摇头丸使用有关的独特因素和共同因素 使用其他物质。 希望该项目的研究结果将有助于我们更好地了解摇头丸的使用模式， 风险和保护因素，并指出与临床和政策相关的更具体的研究， 这一重要领域。

This revised R01 application is in response to the recent Program Announcement (PA-04-152): MDMA: Research Areas Needing More Emphasis. Its purpose is to study use of ecstasy (MDMA) in youth. With over 10 million people in the United States having used ecstasy at least once in their lives and majority of them being youth, there is an urgent need to understand the patterns and risk and protective factors associated with its use to be able to provide adequate prevention and intervention to this population. The proposed project is a secondary analysis of (1) data from a 7-year (1999-2005) series of annual surveys from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, formerly called the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA)) and (2) the National Survey of Parents and Youth (NSPY), a longitudinal survey of youth and their parents on their substance use, and attitudes, beliefs and intentions towards substance use, and risk factors. Study aims: (1) To describe trends in ecstasy use from 1999 to 2005 in youth; to examine if the trends differ by gender, ethnicity and geographic area; to examine the effects of national policies on ecstasy use and on trends of ecstasy use in youth: (2) To examine ecstasy use in relation to use of other substances in youth. (3) To assess the relationship of ecstasy use with emotional and behavioral problems, as well as suicidal behaviors in youth, controlling for use of other drugs; to examine if the patterns of the relationships differ by gender; and (4) To assess risk and protective factors (at the individual level, family level, and community level) for ecstasy use in youth. To identify factors uniquely associated with ecstasy use and those shared with use of other substances. It is hoped that the findings of this project will help us to better understand patterns of ecstasy use, as well as risk and protective factors, and point the way to more specific research with clinical and policy relevance in this important field.