"THOUGHTFUL PARENTING" FOR MOTHERS AND FATHERS: DOES GENDER MATTER?

描述(由申请人提供)：这项研究的目标是扩大对一项基于理论和经验的预防计划(体贴育儿：时刻到时刻，TPMM)的评估，该计划旨在减少与育儿问题相关的因素(包括对儿童的言语和身体攻击)。对高危母亲进行的临床试验的初步数据表明，TPMM在降低儿童身体虐待风险和抑郁症状方面有效。这项拟议的研究旨在通过检查性别是否缓和TPMM的有效性来扩展这些发现，因此目标人群将包括有育儿问题风险的母亲和父亲(n=192)。这项研究将通过采用父母教育计划作为对照条件，进一步扩展对高危母亲进行的临床试验(采用通常的对照设计)的研究结果。家长教育控制条件的使用将使在治疗和控制条件下与其他家长和辅助者接触的机会标准化，从而为TPMM的有效性提供更严格的测试。除上述目标外，本项目还将提供关于辅导员培训(广泛培训与名义培训)在多大程度上缓和TPMM有效性的额外数据。活动将包括使用随机对照设计进行多点评估，并进行前、后和6个月的跟踪评估。设计包括两个干预条件(广泛培训的TPMM辅导员与名义上受过培训的TPMM促进者)和家长教育控制条件。评估结果将包括自我报告、行为评估(家庭观察)和官方儿童虐待报告。假设在前、后和后续评估中，TPMM组，而不是对照组，将显示出显著的改善(例如，减少儿童身体虐待的风险、抑郁症状和增强自我力量)，并且这些改善将随着时间的推移而保持。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this study is to extend evaluation of a theoretically and empirically-based prevention program (Thoughtful Parenting: Moment to Moment, TPMM), which was designed to reduce factors associated with problems in parenting (including verbal and physical assault of children). Preliminary data from a clinical trial with at-risk mothers indicate that TPMM is effective in reducing child physical abuse risk and depressive symptoms. The proposed study was designed to extend these findings, by examining whether gender moderates TPMM effectiveness, hence the target population will include both mothers and fathers at risk for problems in parenting (n = 192). This study will further extend findings beyond that of the clinical trial conducted with at-risk mothers (which used a treatment as usual control design) by employing a parent education program as the control condition. Use of the parent education control condition will standardize opportunities for contact with other parents and facilitators across treatment and control conditions, thus providing for a more stringent test of TPMM's effectiveness. In addition to the above goals, this project will provide additional data regarding the extent to which facilitator training (extensive versus nominal) moderates TPMM's effectiveness. Activities will include a multi-site evaluation using a randomized controlled design with pre-, post-, and six month follow-up assessments. The design includes two intervention conditions (extensively versus nominally trained TPMM facilitators) and a parent education control condition. Outcomes assessed will include self reports, behavioral assessments (in-home observations), and official child maltreatment reports. It is hypothesized that across pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments, TPMM groups, but not the control group, will demonstrate significant improvements (e.g., reductions in child physical abuse risk, depressive symptoms and increased ego-strength) and that these improvements will be maintained across time.