Around 1968: Activism, Networks, Trajectories

1968年的背景是当代社会的一个共同参照点，它要么是一个激进变革的黄金时刻，现在已经消失，要么是一个破坏性实验的时代，幸运的是，现在已经被根除。尽管这场辩论从1968年就开始了，但与欧洲的第二次世界大战或冷战时期相比，关于这一主题的学术文献要少得多。该项目接受了将1968年左右的岁月载入史册的挑战，不再是从这些年中获得政治资本，而是将这一时刻重新评估为20世纪历史的转折点。该项目是针对这一主题的第一个由中央构思的、完全是欧洲的跨国方法。以前的比较研究要么是只覆盖欧洲部分地区的单一作者作品，要么是会议记录，由于性质不同，它们是不同的。它将由一个十几人的国际研究团队承担，该团队由四名研究人员组成，他们在一个由欧洲科学基金会资助的关于德国和意大利占领的欧洲的日常生活的项目上合作了五年，该项目由伯格于2006年6月发表，由牛津大学现代史候任教授罗伯特·吉尔迪亚教授领导。AHRC的研究拨款旨在资助该项目的六个英国成员进行的初步研究。他们将与其他六名欧洲学者合作，参加定于2007年、2008年和2009年举行的研讨会，为此已向勒弗胡姆信托基金寻求资金。它将链接到丹麦罗斯基勒大学历史学教授安妮特·沃林指导的一个项目，该项目由丹麦人文研究委员会资助，主题是关于丹麦的乌托邦和社会批评。该团队将教授、讲师和博士后学者聚集在一起，组成了一个开创性的、令人兴奋的国际研究与合作企业。该项目将围绕激进主义、网络和轨迹这三个载体实施一个激进的新分析框架。它将通过活动人士的集体传记来调查激进主义，但将焦点从活动人士的明星或山顶转移到广泛的普通激进分子和实验者身上。这些活动人士是68岁的职业人士，他们凭借1968年的活动在政治或媒体领域取得了成就。它将把对1968年活动的研究从社会学家那里解救出来，他们从“运动”的角度构思活动，将重点放在每个国家的往往是非正式的活动网络群上，网络范围从公开的政治活动到试验新生活方式的公社等。最后，它将通过追踪1965至1975年间个别活动人士的轨迹，并从出现的模式中得出结论，挑战以1968年左右从乌托邦梦想到激进主义或从失败的革命到更广泛的文化大革命转变为模型的广义叙事。更广泛的意义和益处该项目将在13个欧洲国家建立活动家和网络的数据库，并对活动家进行广泛的抽样访谈，为本研究提供证据，并为未来的研究人员提供独特的资源。该项目将具有互动性和跨学科的特点，邀请两名前活动家和两名社会学家为2008年讲习班作出贡献。该项目的成果将主要是学术性的，但小组成员将在2008年发起并参与一场更广泛的公共辩论，纪念1968年40周年，讨论1968年及其周围年份在20世纪欧洲历史上的重要意义。

Context 1968 is a common reference point in contemporary society, standing either as a golden moment of radical change, now vanished, or a time of damaging experiments, now fortunately rooted out. Although the debate has gone on since 1968 itself, there is far less scholarly literature on this subject than on the Second World War or Cold War periods in Europe. The project embraces the challenge to historicise the years around 1968, no longer to make political capital out of them, but to reassess the moment as a turning point in the history of the twentieth century. The project is the first centrally-conceived fully European transnational approach to this topic. Previous comparative studies have either been single-authored works covering only part of Europe, or conference proceedings, by their nature disparate. It will be undertaken by an international research team a dozen strong, built around a core of four researchers who have been working together for five years on a project funded by the European Science Foundation on daily Life in German- and Italian-occupied Europe, published by Berg in June 2006, led by Professor Robert Gildea, Professor of Modern History elect at the University of Oxford. The AHRC research grant is intended to fund primary research by the six UK-based members of the project. They will collaborate with six other European scholars in workshops scheduled for 2007, 2008 and 2009, for which funding has been sought from the Leverhulme Trust. It will link into a project directed by Anette Warring, professor of History at Roskilde University, Denmark, and funded by the Danish Humanities Research council, on Utopia and social criticism in Denmark. The team brings together professors, lecturers and postdoctoral scholars in a path-breaking and exciting enterprise of international research and collaboration. The project will implement a radical new framework of analysis around the three vectors of activism, networks and trajectories. It will investigate activism by means of a collective biography of activists, but shift the focus from the stars or 'mountain crest' of activists, professional '68s who made careers in politics or the media on the back of their 1968 activities, to a wide cross-section of rank-and-file militants and experimenters. It will rescue the study of the activities of 1968 from sociologists who have conceived of them in terms of 'movements' to focus on clusters of often informal activist networks in each country, networks ranging from the overtly political to those such as communes which experimented with new life-styles. Finally, it will challenge broad narratives which model a shift around 1968 from Utopian dreams to radicalism or from failed revolution to broader cultural revolution, by tracing the trajectories of individual activists between 1965 and 1975 and deriving conclusions from the patterns that emerge. Wider significance and benefits The project will build a data-base of activists and networks in thirteen European countries and undertake interviews with a broad sample of activists to provide the evidence for the present study and a unique resource for future researchers. The project will have and interactive and interdisciplinary dimension, with two former activists and two sociologists invited to make contributions to the 2008 workshop. The outcome of the project will be primarily academic, but members of the team will generate and participate in a wider public debate commemorating the 40"" anniversary of 1968 in 2008, on the significance of 1968 and the years around it in twentieth-century European history.