Episodic memory encoding: fMRI investigations

描述(由申请人提供)：获取和检索独特事件的记忆的能力被称为‘情节记忆’。情节记忆的损害在许多神经疾病中都是突出的。间歇性记忆障碍也出现在主要的精神障碍中，包括精神分裂症和抑郁症。刻画情节记忆障碍的特征，阐明它们在不同疾病的病因学中的作用，以及制定补救措施，都需要了解支持情节记忆的认知操作及其神经基础。这项拟议的研究将通过研究情节记忆编码来促进这一理解--当经历一个事件时，参与的过程导致对该事件的持久记忆。功能磁共振成像将被用来研究与事件相关的神经活动，这可以预测事件是否会在以后被记住。这种神经活动的差异被称为“后续记忆效应”，是成功编码的候选神经相关因素。实验将被用来考察：i)语义与非语义调节的项目-语境关联的编码；ii)单一与多个语境属性的编码；iii)学习-测试兼容性效应；iv)一般与领域特定的编码干扰；v)刺激前后后续记忆效应之间的关系。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The capacity to acquire and retrieve memories of unique events is termed 'episodic memory'. Impairments of episodic memory are prominent in numerous neurological conditions. Episodic memory dysfunction is also found in major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and depression. The characterization of episodic memory impairments, elucidation of their roles in the etiology of different disorders, and the development of remedial measures, require an understanding of the cognitive operations that support episodic memory and their neural underpinnings. The proposed research will contribute to this understanding by investigating episodic memory encoding-the processes engaged when an event is experienced that result in a durable memory for the event. Functional magnetic resonance imaging will be employed to investigate event-related neural activity that is predictive of whether or not the event will be later remembered. Such differences in neural activity are termed 'subsequent memory effects', and are candidate neural correlates of successful encoding. Experiments will be conducted to investigate: i) encoding of semantically vs. non-semantically mediated item-context associations; ii) encoding of single versus multiple contextual attributes; iii) study-test compatibility effects; iv) general vs. domain-specific interference with encoding; v) the relationship between pre- and post-stimulus subsequent memory effects.