The genome sequence for the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida and its utilisation for improved control

本项目旨在通过获取和利用马铃薯包囊线虫（Globodera pallida）的全基因组序列，为马铃薯包囊线虫（Globodera pallida）的新型防治和加强病虫害管理确定基础。英国马铃薯协会估计，英国马铃薯生产、加工和零售市场每年价值约30亿英镑，马铃薯囊肿线虫（PCN）、罗斯托奇Globodera rostochiensis和G. pallida是该行业最重要的经济线虫问题。它们出现在英国65%的马铃薯地，其中92%的马铃薯地有苍白藻。PCN每年给英国马铃薯种植者造成超过5000万英镑的损失，并威胁到许多种植者的作物未来。自20世纪50年代中期以来，抗性育种已经产生了一些商业上可接受的抗苍白菌品种。由于成本、环境和健康方面的考虑，目前使用的化学控制方法面临越来越大的压力，而且目前使用的化合物没有良性替代品。控制苍白螺旋藻是保持英国生产竞争力的基本要求。例如，消费者对无农药残留食品的需求导致Waitrose采购了所有未使用杀线虫剂处理的土豆（www.waitrose.com）。这需要从PCN发病率较低的国家进口，或者需要英国更广泛的农业系统。消费者很可能支持避免农药残留或环境危害的英国产品，并以可持续发展的方式为基础。该提案支持实现这一成果所需的创新。在接下来的5年里，威康基金会桑格研究所将开展一项主要的基因组测序计划，目标是线虫和其他对人类或兽医重要的寄生虫。WTSI愿意对该植物寄生线虫进行测序，用于比较基因组研究。基因鉴定将通过从头计算和实验分析进行。拟议工作的科学成果将与植物线虫学家和更广泛的科学界相关。苍毛线虫基因组序列将使英国植物线虫界保持国际竞争力，并将使在其他领域工作的研究人员建立新的合作联系，包括植物发育、植物分子病理学和抗性进化。这项建议得到了广泛的支持。英国马铃薯协会将独立支持与该项目相一致的研究生CASE奖。从工业界和科学界的支持信中可以明显看出其他的支持。

The aim of this project is to define bases for novel control and enhanced pest management of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera pallida by obtaining and utilising the full genome sequence. The British Potato Council estimates the UK potato production, processing and retail markets to be worth c. £3 billion p.a. and the potato cyst nematodes (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida, are the most economically important nematode problems of this industry. They occur in 65% of UK potato land with G. pallida present at 92% of these sites. PCN impose an annual cost in excess of £50 million on UK potato growers and threaten the future of the crop for many growers. Breeding for resistance since the mid 1950s has produced few commercially acceptable varieties with resistance to G. pallida. Currently used chemical control methods are under increasing pressure due to cost, environmental and health concerns and there are no benign alternatives to the currently used compounds. Control of G. pallida is an essential requirement to maintain the competitiveness of U.K. production. For example, the consumer demand for food with no pesticide residues has resulted in Waitrose sourcing all its potatoes from crops that have not received a nematicide treatment (www.waitrose.com). This requires imports from countries with a lower PCN incidence or requires a more extensive agricultural system in the UK. Consumer support is likely for UK produce that avoids pesticide residues or environmental harm and is soundly based on a sustainable approach. This proposal underpins the innovation needed to reach that outcome. Over the next 5 years, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute will undertake a major genome sequencing programme aimed at nematodes and other helminths that are human or veterinary-important parasites. WTSI is willing to sequence this plant parasitic nematode for comparative genomic studies. Gene identification will be carried out ab initio and by experimental analysis. The scientific outputs of the proposed work will be of relevance to plant nematologists and to the wider scientific community. A G. pallida genome sequence will allow the UK plant nematology community to remain internationally competitive and will enable new collaborative links to be built with researchers working in other fields including plant development, molecular plant pathology and evolution of resistance. The proposal has broad support. The British Potato Council will independently support CASE awards for postgraduate students that will be aligned with the project. Other support is evident from the letters of support from both industry and the scientific community.