Development of CMOS Based Large-Format X-ray Area Detector for Protein Crystallog

描述(申请人提供)：我们建议开发一个廉价的，但非常高质量的蛋白质结晶学检测系统，使用的是互补金属氧化物半导体(Cmos)技术。我们将基于现有的用于X射线的CMOS成像系统：由Rad-ICON成像公司制造的“RadEye1”。虽然RadEye1已经很好了，但它目前还不能用作晶体探测器。我们计划对RadEye1进行改进，使其更大、更低噪音，并具有比目前设计更高的读出精度。用这种新的cmos器件建造的探测器系统将比结构分子生物学社区现在使用的系统更好，而且成本更低。在这个拟议项目的第一阶段，我们将把现有RadEye模块的活动区域增加4倍，将其像素大小从485米增加到965米。将制造和测试全尺寸(50 Mm X 100 Mm)原型。其次，RadEye电子设备将进行重新设计，特别是纳入16位数字化和相关双采样。我们将使用重新设计的读数制作小型(16像素x 16像素)原型器件，进行适当的工程测试(增益、灵敏度、噪声、线性、空间分辨率等)，并验证器件满足我们的设计规格。在第二阶段，我们计划在全尺寸模块中放大新设计的像素架构，具有相关双采样和16位读出功能。然后，我们将开发一个完整的探测器系统，将12个这样的模块组成一个2x6的阵列，覆盖大约20厘米x 30厘米的面积。作为第二阶段工作的一部分，我们将为探测器开发冷却系统，以将暗电流降低到可接受的水平。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to develop an inexpensive, yet very high quality detector system for protein crystallography, using CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) technology. We will base this effort on an existing CMOS imaging system for X rays: the "RadEye1" manufactured by Rad-icon Imaging Corporation. Although the RadEye1 is very good already, it isn't currently usable as a crystallographic detector. We plan to modify the RadEye1, by making it bigger, lower noise, and with higher readout precision than its current design. Detector systems built with this new CMOS device will be better than those now used by the structural molecular biology community, and will cost less. During Phase I of this proposed project, we will increase the active area of the existing RadEye module 4-fold, by doubling its pixel size from 485m to 965m. Full-scale (50mm x 100mm) prototypes will be fabricated and tested. Second, the RadEye electronics will be redesigned, specifically to incorporate 16-bit digitization and correlated double sampling. We will fabricate small (16pixel x16pixel) prototype devices with the redesigned readout, conduct appropriate engineering tests (gain, sensitivity, noise, linearity, spatial resolution, etc.), and verify that the device satisfies our design specifications. In Phase II, we plan to scale up the newly designed pixel architecture, featuring correlated double sampling and 16-bit readout, in the full-size module. We will then develop a complete detector system, incorporating 12 of these modules in a 2x6 array that covers an area about 20 cm x 30 cm. As part of the Phase II effort, we will develop the cooling system for the detector to reduce dark current to acceptable levels.