Project 1: Assessing Maternal & Fetal Exposure to Chemical During the Second

项目总结（见说明）： 美国人口普遍暴露于环境污染物， 越来越多的证据表明，子宫内暴露会造成立即和潜在的伤害，这就增加了以下需要： 更好地了解胎儿在发育的关键阶段暴露于化学品。对于大多数环境 化学品，研究检查母亲和胎儿之间的关系暴露在出生前， 稀缺，主要是由于收集生物标本的挑战，特别是脐带血， 羊水与此同时，关于化学物质穿过胎盘的程度的问题， 孕妇和胎儿的代谢仍然没有答案。迫切需要 专门为回答这些问题而设计的人类研究。在这个项目中，我们将产生 关于怀孕第二个三个月期间化学品接触的前所未有的数据， 胎儿的发育特别容易受到破坏。具体来说，我们将1）描述胎儿和 母亲在怀孕中期暴露于BPA，2）探索可行性， 使用母体生物监测结果预测胎儿接触的准确性。为此，我们将启动 从接受选择性中期妊娠的妇女中收集母体和胎儿生物标本 终止妊娠。我们将测量，分析和比较化学双酚A（BPA）的水平， 这些样本，包括母亲和胎儿的BPA代谢的比较。由此产生的数据 研究项目将填补我们对胎儿暴露于BPA和BPA解毒能力的理解的关键空白。 这些发现将为未来BPA对胎儿发育影响的研究提供信息和加强。另外随着 这项研究的成功实施，我们将准备迅速扩大PEEC形成中心 探索其他重要环境污染物的暴露和影响。

PROJECT SUMMARY (See Instructions): The ubiquitous exposure to environmental contaminants in the US population, combined with the accumulating evidence of immediate and latent harm caused by in utero exposures, increases the need to better understand fetal exposure to chemicals during key stages of development. For most environmental chemicals, studies that examine the relationship between maternal and fetal exposure prior to birth are scarce, largely due to the challenges of collecting biological specimens, in particular umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid. Meanwhile, questions about the degree to which chemicals cross the placenta, accumulate in the fetus and are metabolized by the pregnant woman and fetus remain unanswered. There is a critical need for human studies that are designed specifically to answer these questions. In this project we will generate unprecedented data on chemical exposures during the second trimester of pregnancy, when certain aspects of fetal development are particularly vulnerable to disruption. Specifically, we will 1) describe fetal and maternal exposure to BPA during the second trimester of pregnancy, and 2) explore the feasibility and accuracy of using maternal biological monitoring results to predict fetal exposure. To do this, we will initiate the collection of maternal and fetal biological specimens from women undergoing elective second-trimester pregnancy terminations. We will measure, analyze and compare levels of the chemical bisphenol A (BPA) in these samples, including a comparison of maternal and fetal metabolism of BPA. The data produced by this research project will fill key gaps in our understanding of fetal exposure to and capacity to detoxify BPA. These findings will inform and strengthen future studies of BPA effects on fetal development. In addition, with the successful implementation of this study, we will be poised to rapidly broaden the PEEC Formative Center to explore exposure to and effects of other important environmental contaminants.