China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

描述(申请人提供)：中国对人力资源状况调查的需求越来越大。中国的老年人口比世界上任何一个国家都多，是当今世界老龄化速度最快的国家之一。中国的人口老龄化的收入水平远远低于工业化国家的真实水平，而且比今天的发展中国家更快。到2030年，中国的老年人口比例预计将达到16%，超过新加坡、马来西亚、以色列和阿根廷等富裕得多的国家。中国的老年赡养率(25岁的青壮年与比大的人)预计将从2000年的近13人下降到2050年的2.1人。中国的快速老龄化是由于寿命的延长，部分原因是中国的收入快速增长，加上中国实施了长达25年的非常严格的独生子女政策，生育率迅速下降。然而，在经历了30年的快速增长后，增长率从2008年底开始急剧下降，这可能会给中国的老年人带来他们无法预见的严重负面经济冲击。2008年夏天，我们成功地为中国健康与退休纵向研究(CHARLS)进行了试点，该研究是以美国的健康与退休研究(HRS)和其他HRS类型的调查为蓝本进行的。我们收集了浙江和甘肃两个省份的试点数据。甘肃是中国最贫困的省份之一，农村人口众多。相比之下，浙江是中国工业化和向西方出口的领先中心之一。它比甘肃省城市化程度高得多。我们获得了1570个家庭的样本，其中45岁及以上的个人和2685个人(我们随机选择每个家庭中45岁以上的人及其配偶进行访谈)。现在，我们提议在2011年和2013年开展CHARLS的前两次全国性浪潮。我们将把试点家庭包括在CHARLS中，这将为用户提供即时的面板尺寸。我们预计样本规模为10,210户，成员超过45岁，包括试点家庭，以及17,635名个人，我们预计将对他们进行访谈。我们将跟踪搬家的家庭和个人，以实现较低的流失率。 公共卫生相关性：中国健康与退休纵向研究(CHARLS)将丰富老龄化研究的国际格局。Charls将密切关注世界各地现有的健康和退休研究，以便为学者提供进行比较研究的能力，以及对中国特殊情况的研究。CHARLS的前两次全国性浪潮计划在2011年和2013年进行。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is a growing need for a HRS-type survey in China. China has more elderly than any country in the world and is one of the fastest aging countries in the world today. China's population is aging at income levels far lower than was true for industrial countries and faster than today's developing countries. By 2030, China's elderly population share is expected to reach 16%, greater than much richer countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, Israel, and Argentina. China's elderly support ratio (the number of prime-aged adults 25- 64 to the number older than 64) is projected to fall from nearly 13 in 2000 to 2.1 by 2050. Rapid aging in China is caused by growing length of life, in part resulting from China's rapid income growth) combined with rapid reductions in fertility associated with the implementation of China's very strong One Child Policy, which has been in place for over 25 years. Yet, after 30 years of rapid growth, growth fell drastically beginning in late 2008, potentially giving the elderly in China a serious negative economic shock that they could not have foreseen. In the summer of 2008 we successfully fielded a pilot for the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which was patterned on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in the United States and other HRS-type surveys. We collected the pilot data in two provinces: Zhejiang and Gansu. Gansu is one of the poorest provinces in China and has a large rural population. Zhejiang, in contrast, is one of the leading centers of Chinese industrialization and export to the west. It is far more urban than Gansu province. We obtained a sample of 1,570 households with individuals 45 years old and older and 2,685 individuals (we randomly choose one person over 45 years per household to interview, plus their spouse). Now we are proposing to field the first two national waves of CHARLS in 2011 and 2013. We will include the pilot households in CHARLS, which will give users an immediate panel dimension. We expect a sample size of 10,210 households with a member over 45 years old, including the pilot households, and 17,635 individuals, whom we expect to interview. We will track households and individuals who have moved, to attain low attrition rates. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) will enrich the international landscape of aging studies. CHARLS will follow closely the existing Health and Retirement Studies around the world in order to provide the capability for scholars to engage in comparative studies as well as studies of the special conditions in China. The first two national waves of CHARLS are scheduled for 2011 and 2013.