Multiethnic Cohort Study of Diet and Cancer

这项多种族队列(MEC)研究旨在前瞻性地调查五个种族(非洲裔美国人、日裔美国人、拉美裔夏威夷原住民和高加索人)饮食和其他生活方式因素与癌症风险的关系，并探索这些风险因素与Geneti癌症易感性之间的相互作用。自1993-96年设立该队列以来，215000名参与者已经积累了10多年的后续行动，使该项目达到了现在可以充分发挥其潜力的地步。在当前的支持周期中，我们正在重新执行基线调查问卷，以获得关于受试者的最新(10年)饮食和其他信息(例如，吸烟、体力活动、荷尔蒙使用、药物使用、并发疾病)。我们一直在分析饮食和非饮食基线问卷的数据，以及关于遗传易感性和基因-环境相互作用的数据，自2003年初以来，我们已经发表了50篇来自队列的论文。我们一直是NCI乳腺癌和前列腺癌队列联盟的积极参与者之一，并与该联盟的其他成员以及外部机构的调查人员分享了我们的数据。在接下来的五年里，我们有几个饮食科学目标，包括进一步研究我们观察到的饮食和癌症关系中的种族差异的基础，调查与最近添加到我们的食物成分表中的饮食成分(例如反式脂肪酸、血红素铁、血糖负荷杂环胺)相关的假说，研究一些不太常见的部位(例如非霍奇金淋巴瘤、卵巢和肾脏)，进行更深入的亚组分析(例如通过组织学和分期)，以及调查死亡与癌症生存的关系。我们还有几个非饮食科学目标，特别是与调查至今仍无法解释的乳腺癌和肺癌风险的种族差异有关。维持队列及其几个数据库所需的重要工作将继续进行，包括管理另一份简短的后续调查问卷和定期改进独特的食物成分表。最后，继续培养研究生和博士后研究员。我们期望这项研究不仅扩大环境风险因素和基因在癌症风险中的作用的知识，而且进一步了解癌症发生和生存的种族/种族差异的基础。

The Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study was designed to prospectively investigate the relationship of diet an other lifestyle factors to cancer risk in five ethnic groups (African Americans, Japanese Americans, Latinos Native Hawaiians and Caucasians),and to explore interactions between these risk factors and geneti susceptibility to cancer. Since establishment of the cohort in 1993-96, more than 10 years of follow-up hav accrued on the 215,000 participants, bringing the project to a point where its full potential can now b realized. In the current cycle of support, we are re-administering the baseline questionnaire to obtai updated (10-year) dietary and other information on the subjects (e.g., smoking, physical activity, hormona usage, medications, intercurrent illnesses). We have been analyzing data from the baseline questionnaire both dietary and non-dietary, as well as data on genetic susceptibility and gene-environment interactions Altogether, we have published 50 papers from the cohort since early 2003. We have been among the mos active participants in NCI's Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, and have shared our data wit other members of the consortium, as well as with investigators at outside institutions. For the next 5-yea period, we have several dietary scientific aims, including further research into the basis for ethni differences we observed in diet and cancer relationships, investigation of hypotheses related to dietar constituents recently added to our food composition table (e.g., trans fatty acids, heme iron, glycemic load heterocyclic amines), study of some less common sites (e.g., non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, ovary and kidney) more in-depth subgroup analyses (e.g., by histology and stage), and investigations of the relationship of die to cancer survival. We also have several non-dietary scientific aims, particularly related to investigating as yet unexplainable ethnic differences in breast and lung cancer risk. The important work necessary t maintain the cohort and its several databases will continue, including administration of another short follow up questionnaire and regular enhancements to the unique food composition table. Finally, we will continu to train graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. We expect this research not only to expand knowledg of the role of environmental risk factors and genes in cancer risk, but also to further an understanding of th basis for ethnic/racial disparities in cancer occurrence and survival.