Training in Dengue Prevention and Control

描述（由申请人提供）：这是Fogarty培训补助金提案“登革热预防和控制培训”的修订版，该提案于2009年9月提交，旨在为科罗拉多州立大学的墨西哥博士前和博士后学生建立一个国际传染病培训计划。拟议的GIDRTP的重点是提供控制登革热病毒（DENV 1 -4）蚊子媒介埃及伊蚊的现代方法的关键培训，并随后预防流行性登革热（DF）和登革出血热（DHF）。这两种疾病已成为美洲的主要公共卫生问题。该提案最初是去年与传染病研究国际合作（ICIDR）资助“可持续控制埃及伊蚊和流行性登革热”的申请一起提交的。“ICIDR赠款，与共同调查员Dra A.来自蒙特雷UANL的Flores-Suarez和来自梅里达UADY的Farfan-Ale博士获奖并于2010年9月开始工作。因此，如果这个雾天应用程序得到资助，我们准备继续培训来自墨西哥的博士前和博士后学生在最新的方法来控制Ae。埃及伊蚊和随后的DF和DHF的预防。拟议的培训计划将是灵活的，将允许在四个轨道之一的专业课程和实验室或现场项目：1）蚊子监测和控制，2）杀虫剂抗性管理，3）效应分子开发或4）遗传控制。尽管这种灵活性，所有的学生将成为直接参与人口登革热决策支持系统（DDSS），这是正在积极开发的CSU与登革热患者，实验室诊断，蚊子的丰度，并在真实的时间收集的杀虫剂耐药性的数据。DDSS旨在通过提高以下方面的能力来支持可操作的病媒/疾病控制方案：1）收集、储存、管理和分析与蚊子病媒和疾病相关的数据，2）产生信息丰富的分析输出（图表、图形、地图、表格）以支持决策，3）实施适合当地的病媒/疾病控制方案战略和方法。最终，学生也可能成为负责建立和维护DDSS在自己的国家后，他们返回墨西哥。 公共卫生相关性：在墨西哥和拉丁美洲大部分地区，登革热已重新成为公共卫生问题。2005-2008年期间墨西哥最近的登革热流行导致超过100，000例登革热（DF）病例和> 22，000例登革热和出血热（DHF）病例。这与20世纪80年代和90年代的登革热爆发形成鲜明对比，后者导致很少的DHF病例。大多数拉丁美洲现在处于非常危险的情况下，登革热高度流行，疾病严重程度不断增加。这项培训赠款的重点是提供控制登革热病毒（DENV 1 -4）蚊媒埃及伊蚊的现代方法的关键培训，并随后预防流行性登革热和登革出血热。目前对Ae的控制措施。埃及伊蚊包括减少来源和杀幼虫控制，以减少幼虫种群，并在空间喷洒以控制成虫。然而，这些措施并不足以或可持续地阻止DF和DHF的浪潮。迫切需要新的方法和工具来控制Ae。埃及人在拉丁美洲和大部分的热带和亚热带世界。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revision of a Fogarty training grant proposal "Training in Dengue Prevention and Control" submitted in September of 2009 to build an international infectious disease training program for Mexican predoctoral and postdoctoral students at Colorado State University. The focus of the proposed GIDRTP is to provide critical training in modern approaches for control of the dengue virus (DENV1-4) mosquito vector Aedes aegypti and subsequent prevention of epidemic dengue fever (DF) and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Both diseases have emerged as major public health problems in the Americas. This proposal was originally submitted last year in conjunction with an application for an International Collaborations in Infectious Disease Research (ICIDR) grant "Sustainable control of Aedes aegypti and epidemic dengue." That ICIDR grant, a collaboration with coinvestigators Dra A. Flores-Suarez from UANL in Monterrey, and Dr. Farfan-Ale from UADY in Merida was awarded and began in September 2010. Thus, if this Fogerty application is funded, we are poised to continue to train pre- and postdoctoral student from Mexico in the most up to date methods to control the Ae. aegypti and subsequent prevention of DF and DHF. The proposed training program will be flexible and will permit specialized coursework and laboratory or field projects in one of four tracks: 1) mosquito monitoring and control, 2) insecticide resistance management, 3) effector molecule development or 4) genetic control. Despite this flexibility all students will become directly involved in populating the Dengue Decision Support System (DDSS) which is being actively developed at CSU with data on dengue patients, laboratory diagnostics, mosquito abundance, and insecticide resistance collected in real time. The DDSS aims to support operational vector/disease control programs by increasing their capacity to: 1) collect, store, manage, and analyze mosquito vector- and disease-related data, 2) produce informative analysis outputs (charts, graphs, maps, tables) to support decision-making, and 3) implement locally appropriate vector/disease control program strategies and methodologies. Ultimately students may also become responsible for establishing and maintaining the DDSS in their own states upon their return to Mexico. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In Mexico and most of Latin America, dengue has re-emerged as a public health problem. The most recent dengue epidemic in Mexico during 2005-2008 resulted in more than 100,000 reported Dengue Fever (DF) cases and >22,000 and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) cases. This is in stark contrast to dengue outbreaks in the 1980's and 1990's which resulted in very few DHF cases. Most of Latin America is now in a very dangerous situation with dengue hyper- endemnicity and increasing disease severity. The focus of this training grant is to provide critical training in modern approaches for control of the dengue virus (DENV1-4) mosquito vector Aedes aegypti and subsequent prevention of epidemic DF and DHF. Current control measures used against Ae. aegypti include source reduction and larvicidal control to reduce larval populations and space spraying to control adults. However, these have not proven to be sufficient or sustainable to stem the tide of DF and DHF. New approaches and tools are sorely needed to control Ae. aegypti in Latin America and indeed most of the tropical and subtropical world.