Costa Rican Health and Retirement Survey

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请建议开展两波新的、具有全国代表性的纵向哥斯达黎加健康和退休调查，调查对象为1945-1955年出生的接近退休年龄的哥斯达黎加成年人。这将补充正在进行的对1945年以前出生的哥斯达黎加老年人的纵向家庭调查。若干因素使哥斯达黎加成为研究老年人健康和经济状况的重要地点：(A)哥斯达黎加的预期寿命甚至高于美国，但成年人按年龄分列的死亡率较低。拟议的数据将使人们对哥斯达黎加成功的生命过程中的社会和经济决定因素有独特的新见解，并对这一典型人口中老年人的健康与工作之间的双向关系进行调查。(b)过去的工作发现，哥斯达黎加在健康和经济福利方面的社会经济梯度异常小。该项目旨在更深入地探索公共和私人支持在这些显著不平等模式背后的作用。(c)哥斯达黎加是发展中世界生育率转变最早和最快的国家之一，总生育率从1960年的7.3下降到1976年的3.7。通过关注经历这种下降的父母群体，这项调查可以独特地促进对生育率下降的长期人口红利的理解。(d)哥斯达黎加提供了特别丰富的研究环境，因为能够回顾性和前瞻性地将拟议的微观数据与死亡等生命事件的高质量登记联系起来，从而能够以低成本无限期地跟踪抽样队列，直到未来。拟议的项目将产生一个独特的新数据集，用于研究一个被认为是“以低成本实现良好健康”的成功案例的国家的长寿决定因素。此外，它还可以详细研究一个处于拉丁美洲老龄化过渡前沿的国家有关退休的社会和经济状况。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application proposes to field two waves of a new, nationally representative longitudinal Costa Rican Health and Retirement Survey targeting Costa Rican adults near retirement age, born 1945-1955. This would complement an on-going longitudinal household survey of older Costa Ricans born before 1945 (CRELES). A number of factors make Costa Rica an important site for the study of older adults' health and economic status: (a) Costa Rica has higher life expectancy than even the United States, with lower age-specific mortality rates among adults. The proposed data would allow unique new insight into life-course social and economic determinants of Costa Rica's success, as well as investigation of the bi-directional relationships between health and work among older adults in this exemplar population. (b) Past work has found Costa Rica to have unusually small socioeconomic gradients in health and economic well-being. This project is designed to allow deeper exploration of the role of public and private support underlying these remarkable inequality patterns. (c) Costa Rica experienced one of the earliest and fastest fertility transitions in the developing world, with total fertility dropping from 7.3 births in 1960 to 3.7 by 1976. By focusing on the parental cohorts experiencing this decline, this survey can uniquely advance understanding of the long- term demographic dividends of fertility decline. (d) Costa Rica provides a particularly rich study setting due to the ability to retrospectively and prospectively link the proposed microdata with high quality registries of vital events such as deaths, creating the ability to follow the sampled cohort at low cost indefinitely into the future. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The proposed project would generate a unique new dataset for studying the determinants of longevity in a country considered a success story for having achieved "good health at low cost." Furthermore, it would enable detailed study of social and economic conditions surrounding retirement in a country on the leading edge of the aging transition in Latin America.