Shared Vulnerabilities of Social Anxiety and Eating Disorders

项目摘要/摘要 社交焦虑症(SAD)和进食障碍(EDS)是常见的、高度共病的衰弱障碍[7-14]。共病的概念化表明，可能存在潜在的遗传和环境脆弱性，造成多种疾病的风险[1-4]。对SAD和EDS共同脆弱性的研究表明，对负面评估的恐惧可能是一个共同的潜在风险因素[29-31]。然而，对于对负面评估的恐惧发展为SAD和EDS以及这两种疾病共同的潜在遗传脆弱性的了解相对较少。因此，这项建议的目的是研究这些疾病共同的环境和遗传脆弱性，并开发一个新的模型，在该模型中，对负面评价的恐惧和对S外表负面评价的恐惧，或社交外表焦虑，都会导致SAD和EDS。目前的项目提出了三项研究来解决这些目标。在研究1中，我们将使用双胞胎的档案数据集来测试SAD和EDS之间的共同遗传风险。在研究2中，将使用具有较强心理测量学特性的社交焦虑和饮食失调的测量工具，在六个月的时间里纵向检验对负面评价的恐惧和社交外观焦虑对社交焦虑和饮食失调的贡献。在研究3中，对负面评价的恐惧和社交表象焦虑将通过修改后的言语任务进行实验启动。进食行为、状态社交焦虑和皮肤电反应将作为依赖结果进行测量。这项实验将测试环境引发的对负面评价的恐惧和社交外观焦虑是否会导致进食和社交焦虑。这些研究的整合将为未来的研究提供技能，以测试从基因到特征和行为的自我报告的脆弱性模型。这些研究和未来潜在研究的结果可能导致在同一治疗方案中创建解决SAD和ED的遗传和环境脆弱性的治疗方法。

Project Summary/ Abstract Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and eating disorders (EDs) are common and debilitating disorders that are highly comorbid[7-14]. Conceptualizations of comorbidity suggest that there may be underlying genetic and environmental vulnerabilities that create risk for multiple disorders[1-4]. Research on the shared vulnerabilities of SAD and EDs suggest that fear of negative evaluation may be a common underlying risk factor[29-31]. However, relatively little is known about the development of fear of negative evaluation into SAD and EDs and the underlying genetic vulnerabilities common to both disorders. Thus, the aims of this proposal are to examine the shared environmental and genetic vulnerabilities of these disorders and to develop a new model in which fear of negative evaluation and fear of negative evaluation of one¿s appearance, or social appearance anxiety, contribute to both SAD and EDs. The current project proposes three studies to address these aims. In Study 1 we will test for shared genetic risk between SAD and EDs using an archival data set of twin pairs. In Study 2 the contribution of fear of negative evaluation and social appearance anxiety on social anxiety and disordered eating will be tested longitudinally over six months using measures of social anxiety and disordered eating with strong psychometric properties. In Study 3 fear of negative evaluation and social appearance anxiety will be experimentally primed using a modified speech task. Eating behaviors, state social anxiety, and galvanic skin response will be measured as dependent outcomes. This experiment will test whether an environmental trigger of fear of negative evaluation and social appearance anxiety cause eating and social anxiety outcomes. The integration of these studies will provide the skills for future research that tests a model of vulnerability spanning from genes to self-report of traits and behavior. Results from these studies and from future potential research may lead to the creation of treatments that address genetic and environmental vulnerabilities of both SAD and EDs in the same treatment protocol.