Design and Optimization Core

拟议的P01的主要目的是开发只包含经实验验证的干预成分的吸烟慢性护理疗法，并且适用于戒烟的每个阶段。这将使用多阶段优化策略(MOST)来实现，这是一种受工程启发的方法学框架，用于开发、优化和评估多组分治疗。设计和优化核心通过提供与这一创新方法相关的专业知识和支持的集中资源，为P01提供服务。具体目标是：1)为MOST的这一应用提供支持和智力资源。在整个供资期间，将有必要在有效的实验设计、分析和基于实验结果的决策等问题上，将实质性知识与专门的方法专业知识结合起来。该核心将支持和帮助协调这些活动。2)完善社会变革管理计划框架和相关方法工具。这项P01申请提出了第一个全面的研究计划，旨在对临床吸烟治疗进行原则性的、系统的优化。所获得的经验将极大地改进大多数方法(例如，通过改进选择干预成分进行进一步研究的方法)。3)通过期刊文章、研讨会等向科学家和临床医生传播MOST框架和相关方法工具，不仅在戒烟领域，而且在癌症预防和治疗的其他领域。4)与分析核心密切合作，进行次级数据分析，为随后的MOST周期奠定基础，以进一步逐步改进戒烟治疗。在效力和/或效率方面有意义的渐进改进是社会变革管理计划的一个持续目标。下一周期的MOST将在竞争性续签申请中提出。总而言之，这一核心将使戒烟治疗和治疗开发方法方面的科学进步同时取得，每个领域的进步支持和通报另一个领域的进步。

A primary aim of the proposed P01 is to develop chronic care treatment for smoking that comprises only experimentally validated intervention components and that is appropriate for every phase of smoking cessation. This will be accomplished using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST), an engineering inspired methodological framework for developing, optimizing, and evaluating multicomponent treatments. The Design and Optimization Core serves the P01 by providing a centralized resource for expertise and support pertaining to this innovative approach. The Specific Aims are: 1) Support and serve as an intellectual resource for this application of MOST. Throughout the entire funding period it will be necessary to integrate substantive knowledge with specialized methodological expertise on topics such as efficient experimental design, analysis, and decision making based on the results of experimentation. This core will support and help coordinate these activities. 2) Refine the MOST framework and related methodological tools. This P01 application proposes the first comprehensive research program aimed at the principled, systematic optimization of a clinical smoking treatment. The experience gained will advance MOST methods significantly (e.g., by improving methods for selecting intervention components for further study). 3) Disseminate the MOST framework and related methodological tools to the scientific community via journal articles, workshops, and the like to scientists and clinicians, not only in the smoking cessation area but also in other areas of cancer prevention and treatment. 4) In close collaboration with the Analysis Core, conduct secondary data analyses to lay groundwork for a subsequent cycle of MOST to make further incremental improvements to the smoking cessation treatment. Meaningful incremental improvement in effectiveness and/or efficiency is an ongoing objective of MOST. The next cycle of MOST will be proposed in a competitive renewal application. In sum, this core will enable scientific progress to be made simultaneously in both smoking cessation treatment and in methodology for treatment development, with progress in each domain supporting and informing progress in the other.