Refinement of an autodissemination station for control of mosquito vectors

描述(申请人提供)：城市集装箱繁殖蚊子白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊是致命和衰弱疾病的媒介，如登革热和基孔肯雅热。目前还没有针对这两种疾病的已知疫苗或治疗方法；蚊子控制是预防和控制疫情的唯一有效手段。但集装箱物种很难使用传统的病媒控制技术进行管理，因为它们的栖息地很小，很神秘。自动传播--被低风险昆虫生长调节剂吡丙草醚污染的雌性蚊子将致死浓度转移到更多的幼虫栖息地，为这些物种提供了有效、经济和环境友好的控制承诺。在第一阶段，SpringStar和罗格斯大学之间的合作努力已经为Ae开发和改进了一个自动传播站。白纹伊蚊。该站在笼子和室内研究中非常有效地吸引和污染了寻找产卵的雌性昆虫，并向随后访问的容器中释放了致命浓度的扑草醚。一期空间站样机具有高吸引力、不产卵、单向设计、专用配方、延长活动范围、免维护、可生物降解、用户友好和低风险。第二阶段测试将把这一概念扩展到Ae。评估现场变量对站效能的影响，评估现场部署对隐蔽栖息地的局部蚊子种群的影响，以及改装站的非必要部分，以生产低成本产品。原型站将在野外和半野外条件下进行测试，以确定如何 扑草醚可以传播的范围有多远，它到达神秘栖息地的程度如何，以及竞争地点的丰度、大小和水质的影响。笼式和室内测试将确定当前设计对Ae的有效性。埃及伊蚊，评估替代产卵引诱剂 对两个Ae.Albopictus和Ae.埃及伊蚊，并评估我们的配方对成年寿命、繁殖力和生育力的影响。关键的现场试验将集中在蚊子活动频繁的重复焦点(“热点”)上。随着时间的推移，将对现场储存的单元进行结构稳定性、效力持续时间和生物降解性的测试。原型将根据需要进行修改，以实现最佳的功效、成本和多功能性。在这一阶段结束时产生的最终设计将适合大规模生产。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The urban container-breeding mosquitoes Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are vectors for deadly and debilitating diseases such as dengue and Chikungunya. There is no known vaccine or treatment for either disease; mosquito control is the only effective means of preventing and managing outbreaks. But container species are difficult to manage using conventional vector control technologies due to their numerous small, cryptic habitats. Autodissemination - wherein female mosquitoes contaminated with the low-risk insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen transport lethal concentrations to additional larval habitats offers the promise of effective, economic and environmentally friendly control for these species. In Phase I, collaborative efforts between SpringStar and the Rutgers University, an autodissemination station has been developed and refined for Ae. albopictus. The station was highly effective in cage and room studies at attracting and contaminating oviposition-seeking females, and releasing lethal concentrations of pyriproxyfen into subsequent containers visited. The Phase I station prototype has high attraction, exclusion from oviposition, unidirectional design, specialized formulations, extended activity, and is maintenance-free, biodegradable, user-friendly and low-risk. Phase II testing will extend the concept to Ae. aegypti, assess the effect of field variables on station efficacy, assess field deployment on localized mosquito populations in cryptic habitats, and modify non-essential portions of the station to yield a low-cost product. Prototype stations will be tested in field and semi-field conditions to determine how far the pyriproxyfen can be disseminated, how well it reaches cryptic habitats, and the impact of competing site abundance, size, and water quality. Cage and room tests will determine effectiveness of the current design against Ae. aegypti, evaluate alternate oviposition attractants against both Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti, and assess the effect of our formulations on adult longevity, fecundity, and fertility. Crucial field trials will center on replicated focal points ofhigh mosquito activity ('hot spots'). Field- stored units will be tested over time for structural stabilty, efficacy duration, and biodegradation. The prototype will be modified as necessary to achieve optimal efficacy, cost, and versatility. The final design resulting at the end of this phase will b suitable for large-scale production.