ENIGMA Center for Worldwide Medicine, Imaging & Genomics

ENIGMA全球医学，成像和基因组学中心是一项前所未有的全球努力，汇集了287名科学家及其庞大的生物医学数据集，致力于9种主要的人类大脑疾病：精神分裂症，双相情感障碍，重度抑郁症，ADHD，OCD，自闭症，22 q缺失综合征，艾滋病毒/艾滋病和成瘾。ENIGMA以前所未有的规模整合了图像、基因组、连接组和生物标志物，并使用新的计算方法进行整合、聚类和从复杂的生物数据类型中学习。ENIGMA成立于2009年，进行了历史上最大规模的脑成像研究（N> 26，000名受试者; Stein +207名作者，Nature Genetics，2012），在20个国家的125个机构筛选基因组和图像。为了响应BD 2K RFA，ENIGMA的工作组针对整个NIH的BD 2K资助者的关键计划目标，包括NIMH，NIBIB，NICHD，NIA，NINDS，NIDA，NIAAA，NHGRI和FIC。ENIGMA为Consortium Science创建了新颖的计算算法和新模型，以彻底改变大数据的处理，共享和优化方式。我们释放稀疏机器学习和高维组合学的力量，将基因组、连接体和多模式大脑图像进行聚类和相互关联，以发现诊断和预后标记。纯粹的计算能力和前所未有的协作推动了大数据的分布式计算，利用了美国和非美国的基础设施、人才和数据。我们的项目将更好地确定抵抗和促进脑部疾病的因素，帮助诊断和预后，并确定新的机制和药物靶点。我们的数据科学研究核心创建新的算法来处理来自（1）成像基因组学，（2）连接组学和（3）机器学习和临床预测的大数据。由该领域的世界领导者领导，他们开发了主要的软件包（例如，Jieping Ye/SLEP），我们优先考虑数万亿次基因图像聚类、分布式多任务机器学习以及基于数学中的分区问题筛选大脑连接的新方法。 我们的ENIGMA培训计划提供与其他BD 2K中心协调的世界级暑期学校，全球科学交流。基于网络的研讨会和黑客马拉松，以刺激创新，以及门户网站，以传播工具和吸引科学家参与大数据科学。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ENIGMA Center for Worldwide Medicine, Imaging and Genomics is an unprecedented global effort bringing together 287 scientists and all their vast biomedical datasets, to work on 9 major human brain diseases: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, ADHD, OCD, autism, 22q deletion syndrome, HIV/AIDS and addictions. ENIGMA integrates images, genomes, connectomes and biomarkers on an unprecedented scale, with new kinds of computation for integration, clustering, and learning from complex biodata types. ENIGMA, founded in 2009, performed the largest brain imaging studies in history (N>26,000 subjects; Stein +207 authors, Nature Genetics, 2012) screening genomes and images at 125 institutions in 20 countries. Responding to the BD2K RFA, ENIGMA'S Working Groups target key programmatic goals of BD2K funders across the NIH, including NIMH, NIBIB, NICHD, NIA, NINDS, NIDA, NIAAA, NHGRI and FIC. ENIGMA creates novel computational algorithms and a new model for Consortium Science to revolutionize the way Big Data is handled, shared and optimized. We unleash the power of sparse machine learning, and high dimensional combinatorics, to cluster and inter-relate genomes, connectomes, and multimodal brain images to discover diagnostic and prognostic markers. The sheer computational power and unprecedented collaboration advances distributed computation on Big Data leveraging US and non-US infrastructure, talents and data. Our projects will better identify factors that resist and promote brain disease, that help diagnosis and prognosis, and identify new mechanisms and drug targets. Our Data Science Research Cores create new algorithms to handle Big Data from (1) Imaging Genomics, (2) Connectomics, and (3) Machine Learning & Clinical Prediction. Led by world leaders in the field who developed major software packages (e.g., Jieping Ye/SLEP), we prioritize trillions of computations for gene-image clustering, distributed multi-task machine learning, and new approaches to screen brain connections based on the Partition Problem in mathematics. Our ENIGMA Training Program offers a world class Summer School coordinated with other BD2K Centers, worldwide scientific exchanges. Challenge-based Workshops and hackathons to stimulate innovation, and Web Portals to disseminate tools and engage scientists in Big Data science.