Comparative and Cost-Effectiveness Research Training for Nurse Scientists

描述（由申请人提供）：美国医疗保健系统的支出远远超过任何其他发达国家，我们一直有更差的结果。比较和成本效益研究（CER 2）是科学研究的领域，采用创新方法产生知识，旨在通过告知临床医生，患者，购买者和政策制定者面临的日常决策来提高质量和效率。这与疗效研究相反，例如随机对照试验，其中的问题通常是治疗是否可以在受控环境下工作。由于CER 2旨在告知患者的实际情况，因此它更加以患者为中心。许多人已经认识到，CER 2将成为重要的工具，为服务不足的高风险人群（如种族和族裔少数群体、患有多种慢性病的人、老年人和儿童）的健康促进和疾病预防决策提供信息。美国研究界有一个前所未有的机会，以改善国家的卫生系统和人口的健康，以及通过CER 2提高效率;和，护士科学家，其研究提供了证据基础的护理实践，这是美国最大的临床劳动力，需要在CER 2方法的培训。这项培训补助金，CER 2培训护士科学家，提供了一个机会，培训护士科学家在这一重要领域。哥伦比亚大学医学中心（CISC），包括哥伦比亚大学护理学院（CSCON），是培训护理科学家CER 2方法的绝佳环境。该应用程序建立在CER 2方法中指导博士前和博士后学生的专业知识的基础上，他们的研究重点是高风险，服务不足的人群以及CER 2方法中CER 2的强大基础设施。具体目标是：1.招募和保留一个合格的博士前和博士后护士研究员的多元化骨干进行CER 2比较的方法，以促进健康和/或疾病预防的日常有效性在高风险，服务不足的人群的护理连续; 2。实施CER 2方法的培训课程，其中包括对护士科学家学员进行严格的CER 2培训时使用的理论和方法的整合; 3.提高博士前和博士后护士科学家学员在CER 2方法方面的知识和技能，以告知患者和/或关于健康促进和/或疾病预防的政策决定，并在高风险，服务不足的人群中进行连续的护理;以及，4。评估CER 2护士科学家培训计划的结构，流程和结果，持续和每年的基础上。这些目标与美国国立护理研究所的使命非常匹配，即促进和改善个人、家庭、社区和人群的健康;并帮助护理科学家成为领导者，确定高质量、高价值、以患者为中心的方法，以促进整个护理过程中的健康和疾病预防。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The United States healthcare system spends far more than any other developed county and we consistently have worse outcomes. Comparative and cost-effectiveness research (CER2) are fields of scientific inquiry that employ innovative methods to generate knowledge aimed at improving quality and efficiency by informing the everyday decisions confronting clinicians, patients, purchasers and policy makers. This is in contrast to efficacy research, such as a randomized controlled trial, where the question is typically whether the treatment can work under a controlled environment. Because CER2 is designed to inform actual patient situations, it is much more patient-centered. Many have recognized that CER2 will be important tools to inform decisions about health promotion and disease prevention in underserved high-risk populations such as racial and ethnic minorities, persons with multiple chronic conditions, the elderly and children. The United States research community has an unprecedented opportunity to improve the nation's health system and the health of the population as well as improve efficiency through CER2; and, nurse scientists, whose research provides the evidence base for nursing practice, which is the largest clinical workforce in the United States, need to be trained in CER2 methods. This training grant, CER2 Training for Nurse Scientists, provides an opportunity to train nurse scientists in this important field. The Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), including the Columbia University School of Nursing (CUSON), is an excellent environment to train nurse scientists in CER2 methods. This application builds upon the complementary strengths of CUSON's faculty with expertise in mentoring pre-doctoral and post-doctoral students in CER2 methods; their research foci on high-risk, underserved populations as well as the robust infrastructure of CUMC in CER2 methods. The specific aims are: 1. To recruit and retain a qualified diverse cadre of pre-doctoral and post-doctoral nurse fellows to conduct CER2 comparing the everyday effectiveness of approaches to health promotion and/or disease prevention across the continuum of care in high-risk, underserved populations; 2. To implement a training curriculum for CER2 methods that includes the integration of theories and methods used in the conduct of rigorous CER2 training for nurse scientists trainees; 3. To enhance the knowledge and skills of pre-doctoral and post-doctoral nurse scientist trainees in CER2 methods to inform patient and/or policy decisions about health promotion and/or disease prevention across the continuum of care in high-risk, underserved populations; and, 4. To evaluate the CER2 Training for Nurse Scientists program structures, processes, and outcomes on an ongoing and annual basis. These aims are well-matched to the mission of the National Institute of Nursing Research, which is to promote and improve the health of individuals, families, communities, and populations; as well as help nurse scientists to be leaders in identifying high-quality, high-value, patient-centered approaches to health promotion and disease prevention across the continuum of care.