2/2-GEOHealth Health Effects of Selected Environmental Exposomes Across the Life CourSe (HEALS)-US

项目摘要/摘要 环境暴露是世界各国疾病和过早死亡的主要原因。 空气污染尤其令人担忧，因为它会促进慢性心脏代谢性疾病，并可能引发急性 心脏事件。在快速城市化的印度，估计每年有167万人死于空气 污染，使其成为近18%的死亡总数和11.5%的伤残调整寿命年的一个因素。而当 空气污染和健康不良之间的联系越来越明显，我们需要更多地了解空气污染的成分是如何 空气污染相互作用，并与暴露在空气中的其他元素如热量相互作用，从而影响健康。 这在LMIC城市尤其重要，在这些城市，工业和交通产生污染，气候变化正在造成 前所未有的热浪。我们还需要确定空气污染暴露的敏感年龄 尤其是有害的。当儿童高度敏感时，他们会经历发展的关键时期 为了曝光。当空气污染和高温水平上升时，老年人更有可能经历心脏事件。 此外，不同年龄、性别、职业和社会经济地位的人接触的风险也不同。至 为了应对这种复杂的情况，印度需要受过环境健康培训的专家进行研究和 建议有效的政策，以减少空气污染暴露，并保护那些最容易受到其影响的人。 在这项拟议项目中，题为“2/2--选定环境曝光剂对地球健康的影响” Over the Life Course(Heals)-US：我们的多学科团队由来自 哈佛大学公共卫生学院(HSPH)和慢性病控制中心(CCDC)将 建立在我们最初的GeOHealth项目中获得的知识，在该项目中，学员和导师开发了模型 估计印度城市的环境PM2.5水平，并量化空气污染暴露和 德里的心脏代谢性疾病和死亡。此外，有三名学生从HSPH获得了硕士学位 其中一人获得公共卫生博士(DrPH)学位。拟议的项目将侧重于培训早期职业教师。 以及研究人员和最近的博士后在设计研究研究、撰写提案和实施 与研究目的相关的主题研究--最大限度地刻画曝光组和识别群体 容易受到空气污染的影响。另外两名博士生也将接受培训。该项目将由 来自HSPH的Sieber博士和Schwartz博士以及CCDC的Prabhakaran博士和公共卫生的Reddy博士 印度基金会将得到以下方面的协助：1)行政监督委员会；2)培训监督 委员会；3)HSPH和CCDC的项目协调人员；以及4)监督小组提供 对个别实习生的监督。在LinkU01下进行的研究的证据将直接告知 印度政府机构和政策制定者就如何减少空气污染暴露以及如何保护 为最弱势群体减轻随之而来的疾病负担。对印度科学家的拟议培训 将建设申请未来资金的能力，并充分了解和解决这一环境威胁。

Project Summary/Abstract Environmental exposures are major contributors to illness and premature death in countries around the world. Air pollution is especially concerning as it promotes chronic cardiometabolic disease and can trigger acute cardiac events. In rapidly urbanizing India, an estimated 1.67 million deaths per year are attributed to air pollution, making it a factor in nearly 18% of total deaths and 11.5% of total disability adjusted life years. While the link between air pollution and ill health is becoming clearer, we need to learn more how the components of air pollution interact with each other and with other elements of the exposome such as heat, to affect health This is especially important in LMIC cities, where industry and traffic generate pollution and climate change is causing unprecedented heat waves. We also need to identify sensitive ages where air pollution exposure can be particularly detrimental. Children pass through critical windows of development when they are highly sensitive to exposures. Older adults are more likely to experience cardiac events when air pollution and heat levels rise. In addition, exposures differ for people of different ages, gender, occupations, and socioeconomic status. To address this complex situation, India needs experts trained in environmental health to carry out research and recommend effective policies to mitigate air pollution exposure and protect those most vulnerable to its effects. In this proposed project, entitled, “2/2-GEOHealth Health Effects of Selected Environmental Exposomes Across the Life CourSe (HEALS)-US,” our multidisciplinary team of researchers, mentors and faculty from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH) and the Centre for Chronic Disease Control (CCDC) will build on knowledge gained in our original GEOHealth project in which trainees and mentors developed models to estimate levels of ambient PM2.5 in Indian cities and quantified the links between air pollution exposure and cardiometabolic disease and death in Delhi. In addition, three students earned master’s degrees from HSPH and one earned a Doctor of Public Health (DrPH). The proposed project will focus on training early career faculty and researchers and recent post-docs in designing a research study, writing up a proposal, and carrying out research on topics related to the research aims of characterizing the exposome and identifying groups most vulnerable to the effects of air pollution. Two additional DrPH students will also be trained. The project will be led by Dr.Sieber and Dr.Schwartz from HSPH and by Dr. Prabhakaran of CCDC and Dr. Reddy of the Public Health Foundation of India who will be assisted by the: 1) Administrative Oversight Committee; 2) Training Oversight Committee; 3) Program coordination personnel at HSPH and CCDC; and 4) Supervisory teams to provide oversight for individual trainees. Evidence from the research conducted under the linked U01 will directly inform Indian government agencies and policy makers on how to reduce air pollution exposures and how to protect the most vulnerable groups to reduce the consequent burden of disease. The proposed training of Indian scientists will build capacity to apply for future funding and to fully understand and address this environmental threat.