Cadmium & Pancreatic Cancer: A Pilot Case-Control Study

描述（由申请人提供）： 胰腺癌的病因学知之甚少， 美国每年有超过29,000人死亡。最近建议 镉是胰腺癌的一个原因（癌症流行病学，生物标志物 &Prevention，9：139-145，2000）。镉是一种非必需金属， 在人的胰腺中积累。镉已知会导致胰腺癌 在动物中是胰腺癌的一个合理原因。 我们将进行一项试点，以医院为基础的病例对照研究， 是否接触镉，如饮食调查问卷数据所测量的， 职业和娱乐接触镉，并通过测量 尿中的镉，预测胰腺癌的风险。我们假设， 控制年龄和吸烟史，报告接触镉， 胰腺癌患者尿液中的镉含量会更高 比没有胰腺癌的人要多。 我们的具体目标是： 1.收集胰腺外分泌部偶发癌患者50例 在维克森林大学浸信会医学中心（WFUBMC）。 2.招募两组对照患者： a. 50例患者在种族、性别、吸烟史和年龄（4- 5岁）方面匹配 没有在胃肠科（G.I.）在WFUBMC（The 门诊转诊人群） B. 50例患者在种族、性别、吸烟史和年龄（4-5岁）方面匹配 在WFUBMC的普通内科诊所没有看到癌症（ 医院转诊人群）。 3.获取病例的知情同意书、尿样和问卷调查数据 和控制。 4.分析这些数据以确定胰腺癌的风险： 尿，校正肌酐水平（接触镉的生物标志物）， 据报道，接触镉和尿中的视黄醇结合蛋白（一种测量 接触镉的生物效应）。 5.其次，分析尿液样本中的锌和铜， 患者组相对于锌：镉的比例，和 铜的浓度。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Little is known about the etiology of pancreatic cancer, which causes more than 29,000 deaths per year in the U.S. The P.I. recently proposed that cadmium is a cause of pancreatic cancer (Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Prevention, 9:139-145, 2000). Cadmium is a non-essential metal that accumulates in the human pancreas. Cadmium is known to cause pancreatic cancer in animals and is a plausible cause of pancreatic cancer in humans. We will conduct a pilot, hospital-based case-control study to determine whether exposure to cadmium, as measured by questionnaire data on dietary, occupational and recreational exposure to cadmium, and by measurements of cadmium in urine, predicts risk for pancreatic cancer. We hypothesize that, controlling for age and smoking history, reported exposure to cadmium and cadmium levels in urine will be higher from persons with pancreatic cancer than from persons without pancreatic cancer. Our Specific Aims are to: 1. Recruit 50 patients with incident cancer of the exocrine pancreas (cases) seen at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center (WFUBMC). 2. Recruit two sets of control patients: a. 50 patients matched on race, gender, smoking history, and age (4- 5 years) without cancer seen inthe Department of Gastroenterology (G.I.) at WFUBMC (the clinic referral population) b. 50 patients matched on race, gender, smoking history, and age (4-5 years) without cancer seen at General Internal Medicine clinics at WFUBMC (the hospital referral population). 3. Obtain informed consent, urine samples, and questionnaire data for cases and controls. 4. Analyze these data to determine risk of pancreatic cancer from: cadmium in urine, corrected for creatinine levels (a biomarker of exposure to cadmium), reported exposure to cadmium, and retinol binding protein in urine (a measure of biological effect of exposure to cadmium). 5. Secondarily, analyze urine specimens for zinc and copper and compare tile patient groups with respect to the zinc:cadmium ratio, and to the concentrations of copper.