ALCOHOL & CRASH FATALITIES: ETHNIC GROUPS AT RISK

描述（由申请人提供）：关注 美国的一些种族/民族群体在机动车死亡事故中 对联邦和州机构施加压力，要求其制定和实施安全措施 针对少数民族特殊需要的方案。是 然而，有效的，这些方案必须基于对 不同群体的风险水平及其原因 过度参与撞车事故目前这样全面深入的 知识是不存在的。拟议研究的目的是进行一项 对唯一可用的数据集-法尔斯，一个大型的 国家致命车祸数据库，最近增加了关于 死亡的种族/民族-结合其他数据来源进行检查 种族/民族在饮酒、不使用安全带和攻击性行为中的作用 与驾驶有关的机动车碰撞（MVC）死亡。研究I 将纳入以前未包括在以下研究中的信息： 种族/民族，有助于群体异质性-文化适应水平， 教育和收入-更具体地确定种族/族裔群体 和亚组（种族/性别/年龄）的风险MVC。用于此的方法 身份查验过程将是迄今为止进行的最全面的一次 由于使用多个和广泛的数据集以及分析 使用的技术。分段分析在Logistic前处理中的应用 回归分析将允许纳入大量的 相关和相互作用的变量纳入识别过程。群体 风险将被确定为国家以及四个最重要的 人口众多、种族多样的州（加州、纽约、德克萨斯和 佛罗里达）。一旦确定特定种族/年龄/性别群体处于危险之中， 完成后，研究2将把全国饮酒调查的数据与 推动调查有关的态度和看法的差异， 受损的驾驶（例如，酒后驾车的危险性， 被抓的可能性和处罚的影响下驾驶 酒精）在研究1中确定的风险组中。因此，研究I将 指出哪些群体最有可能参与坠机和死亡， 研究2将提供关于饮酒的个人风险因素的信息 和驾驶应该有针对性的改变干预，以减少 风险人群中醉酒驾驶和酒精相关MVC死亡的可能性 组该项目的成果将对决策者和 项目经理，并将告知交通安全的设计和交付 针对少数群体的干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Concern about the overrepresentation of some racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. in motor vehicle fatalities has put pressure on Federal and state agencies to develop and implement safety programs tailored to the special needs of minority populations. To be effective, however, these programs must be based on sound knowledge of the level of risk incurred by different groups and the reasons for their overinvolvement in crashes. Currently such comprehensive and in-depth knowledge does not exist. The purpose of the proposed research is to conduct a secondary analysis of a uniquely available data set---the FARS, a large national fatal crash database with recently added information on the race/ethnicity of fatalities --- coupled with other data sources to examine the role of race/ethnicity in alcohol-, seat belt nonuse-, and aggressive driving-related motor vehicle crash (MVC) fatality. Study I of the research will incorporate information previously not included in studies of race/ethnicity that contribute to group heterogeneity-acculturation level, education, and income-to identify more specifically the racial/ethnic groups and subgroups (ethnic/gender/age) at risk for MVCs. The methods used for this identification process will be the most comprehensive conducted to date because of the use of multiple and extensive data sets as well as the analytic techniques used. The application of segmentation analysis prior to logistic regression analyses will allow for the incorporation of a large number of relevant and interacting variables into the identification process. Groups at risk will be identified for the nation as well as for each of the four most populated and ethnically diverse states (California, New York, Texas, and Florida). Once the identification of specific ethnic/age/gender groups at risk is completed, Study 2 will link data from a national survey on drinking and driving to investigate differences in attitudes and perceptions related to impaired driving (e.g., perceived riskiness of drinking and driving, perceived likelihood of being caught and punished for driving under the influence of alcohol) across the at risk groups identified in Study 1. Thus, Study I will indicate those groups at greatest risk for crash involvement and death, while Study 2 will provide information about what personal risk factors for drinking and driving should be targeted for change by interventions to reduce the likelihood of drunk driving and alcohol-related MVC fatality among at risk groups. The results from the project will be useful to policymakers and program managers and will inform the design and delivery of traffic safety interventions tailored to minority populations.