Marietta Community Actively Researching Exposure Study

描述（由申请人提供）：锰（Mn）是一种必需元素，但过量时具有神经毒性。尽管事实上，婴儿和幼儿可能比成年人有更大的风险锰神经毒性，很少有研究评估慢性锰暴露对儿童发育的影响。俄亥俄州的玛丽埃塔是阿巴拉契亚的一个乡村社区，50多年来一直是美国和加拿大唯一的金属精炼厂所在地。作为回应，社区成立了清洁空气邻居组织（NCA）。NCA已要求辛辛那提大学（UC）协助他们了解他们的暴露和相关的健康影响（如果有的话）。对于这个项目，玛丽埃塔社区积极研究暴露研究（CARES），社区已经确定了研究议程，确定了研究问题，目标，具体目标，并确定了社区内可用于进行研究的资源。社区成员将参与研究项目的各个方面，包括环境采样，神经行为评估，项目协调和生物标本的收集。本申请的主要目的是检查儿童锰暴露的生物指标，并了解儿童慢性锰暴露的影响。UC将提供环境健康研究方面的培训、监督和专业知识，以解决以下假设：与年龄匹配的低/未暴露组相比，儿童早期暴露于锰与7-8岁高暴露儿童的神经发育缺陷显著相关。为了检验这一假设，将实现以下由社区推动的具体目标。具体目标1：评估高锰暴露社区（俄亥俄州玛丽埃塔）和低锰暴露社区（剑桥，俄亥俄州）内的环境锰暴露。具体目标二：评价在高锰暴露社区（俄亥俄州玛丽埃塔）和低锰暴露社区（剑桥，俄亥俄州）中暴露于锰的儿童神经行为影响的比较。具体目标3：评价暴露于锰暴露社区（俄亥俄州玛丽埃塔）和低锰暴露社区（剑桥，俄亥俄州）儿童神经运动效应的比较。鉴于儿童对有毒物质暴露的独特易感性以及在长期暴露社区中研究锰暴露的机会，我们预计该项目将显著影响与锰暴露相关的地方和国家公共卫生政策。项目叙述性暴露：锰（Mn）可导致神经系统缺陷，并且全球暴露于MMT形式的Mn具有很大的潜力，MMT是一种替代汽油中铅的抗爆剂。玛丽埃塔社区积极研究暴露研究（CARES）是一项以社区为基础的研究，旨在探索儿童长期暴露于锰对健康的影响。公共卫生相关性：暴露于锰（Mn）可导致神经系统缺陷，并且全球暴露于MMT形式的Mn具有很大的潜力，MMT是一种替代汽油中铅的抗爆震剂。玛丽埃塔社区积极研究暴露研究（CARES）是一项以社区为基础的研究，旨在探索儿童长期暴露于锰对健康的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Manganese (Mn) is an essential element, yet is neurotoxic in excess. Despite the fact that infants and young children may be at greater risk for Mn neurotoxicity than adults, very few studies have evaluated the effect of chronic Mn exposure on child development. Marietta, Ohio, a rural Appalachian community, has been home to the only metal refinery in the US and Canada for over 50 years. In response, the community formed Neighbors for Clean Air (NCA). The University of Cincinnati (UC) has been asked by NCA to assist them in understanding their exposure and related health effects, if any. For this project, Marietta Community Actively Researching Exposure Study (CARES), the community has defined the research agenda, determining the research questions, objectives, specific aims and identifying resources available within the community to conduct the research. Members of the community will be engaged in all facets of the research project, including environmental sampling, neurobehavioral assessment, project coordination, and collection of biological specimens. The primary objectives of this application are to examine biological indicators of Mn exposure in children and understand the effects of chronic manganese exposure in children. UC will provide training, oversight and expertise in environmental health research, to address the following hypothesis: Exposure to Mn during early childhood is significantly associated with neurodevelopmental deficits in high exposed children ages 7-8 years compared to an age matched low/unexposed group. In order to test the hypothesis, the following community-driven specific aims will be accomplished. Specific Aim 1: Assess environmental Mn exposure within a high Mn exposure community, Marietta, OH and a low Mn exposure community, Cambridge, Ohio. Specific Aim 2: Evaluate comparisons of the neurobehavioral effects in children exposed to Mn in a high Mn exposure community, Marietta, OH and a low Mn exposure community, Cambridge, Ohio. Specific Aim 3: Evaluate comparisons of the neuromotor effects in children exposed to Mn exposure community, Marietta, OH and a low Mn exposure community, Cambridge, Ohio. Given the unique susceptibility of children to toxicant exposure and the opportunity to study Mn exposure in a chronically exposed community, we anticipate this project to significantly impact local and national public health policy related to Mn exposure. Project Narrative Exposure: to manganese (Mn) can result in neurological deficiencies, and here is great potential for global exposure to Mn in the form of MMT, an anti-knock agent to replace lead in gasoline. The Marietta Community Actively Researching Exposure Study (CARES) is a community-based study designed to explore the health effects of long term Mn exposure in children. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Exposure to manganese (Mn) can result in neurological deficiencies, and here is great potential for global exposure to Mn in the form of MMT, an anti-knock agent to replace lead in gasoline. The Marietta Community Actively Researching Exposure Study (CARES) is a community-based study designed to explore the health effects of long term Mn exposure in children.