COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF AGING

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 这项研究的目的是研究衰老过程如何对三个密切相关的灵长类物种的雌性产生不同的影响：人类、黑猩猩和恒河猴。这一进化过程导致了人类衰老表型的独特特征，通过比较人类的大脑和认知衰老与我们的近亲黑猩猩和研究最广泛的人类衰老生物医学模型恒河猴的相同特征，可以最好地理解这一点。在这三个物种中使用可比较的测量方法，采用横断面和纵向研究，我们对这三个密切相关的东半球灵长类动物的社会、认知和神经衰老进行了全面和综合的概述。 在报告期间，我们对猴子和黑猩猩进行了一系列行为测试，包括学习和记忆测试，并对黑猩猩进行了社会情绪认知测试。我们测量了人类与年龄相关的认知功能，使用了我们在非人类灵长类动物中使用的相同测试。 我们的实验室进行了磁共振扫描，旨在检查这三个物种的脑白质。这些数据将提供新的见解，以了解与年龄相关的认知衰退的神经基础，以及决定成功和不成功衰老的因素。这种对人类和非人类灵长类动物的对比分析也应该有助于解释为什么人类会患上阿尔茨海默病等与年龄相关的疾病，而猴子和猿类则不会。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The purpose of this study has been to examine how the aging process differentially affects females of three closely related primate species: the human, the chimpanzee, and the rhesus monkey. This evolutionary process has led to unique characteristics of the aging phenotype of the human, which can be best understood by comparing brain and cognitive aging in the human with the same features in our closest relative, the chimpanzee, and in the most widely studied biomedical model of human aging, the rhesus monkey. Using comparable measures in these three species and employing both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, we developed a comprehensive and integrated overview of social, cognitive, and neural aging in these three closely related Old World primates. During the reporting period, we conducted a series of behavioral tests on the monkeys and chimpanzees, including tests of learning and memory and performed a test of socio-emotional cognition on chimpanzees. We have measured age-related cognitive function in humans, using the same tests we employed in the nonhuman primates. Our lab carried out MR scans designed to examine brain white matter in the three species. The data will provide new insights into the neural basis of age-related cognitive decline and into the factors that govern successful versus unsuccessful aging. This comparative analysis of human and nonhuman primates should also help explain why humans develop such age-related disorders as Alzheimer's disease, while monkeys and apes do not.