Longitudinal Measurement of the Changing Sleep Need in Adolescence

项目总结/摘要 我们研究的长期目标是描述睡眠的年龄轨迹，睡眠脑电图和睡眠需求， 关注青少年时期的变化实现这些目标将有助于填补我们的主要差距， 对公共卫生和发展有直接和重要影响的差距 神经科学睡眠不足和白天嗜睡与身心受损有关 健康和行为问题。睡眠不足在青春期尤为严重，因为 人类大脑在生命的第二个十年发生的深刻重组。尽管 重要的是，我们缺乏关于青少年睡眠持续时间与白天的定量关系的基本证据 嗜睡和表现。美国睡眠医学学会最近发布的共识是， 关于青少年睡眠需求的声明必然主要基于事后研究， 不良睡眠习惯与健康和表现受损之间的相关性。我们的计划将 延长我们正在进行的关于不同睡眠持续时间对白天影响的前瞻性剂量反应研究， 认知功能、日间嗜睡和睡眠EEG模式。本研究的前3年（跨越年龄 10-16岁）揭示了一些有趣的发现，包括睡眠的年龄效应的分歧 持续时间对白天嗜睡和白天表现的影响。持续更新将延长我们的研究 从青春期中期到成年早期，让我们能够确定我们观察到的变化是否 到目前为止都是短暂的成熟事件或持续到成年期。除了扩大年龄范围， 建议的延续增加了分析睡眠持续时间影响的新措施和新方法 对认知的影响有了新的额外数据，扩展的研究将涵盖10至23岁的年龄。通过 包括向年轻人的过渡，我们可以严格测试重要的基础科学问题， 青少年睡眠时间的变化与白天嗜睡和成绩的关系是否 与青少年NREM EEG中δ功率的急剧下降相关;这种下降是最大的 青春期的大脑变化可以非侵入性地测量。拟议的研究将提供第一个 在这个年龄范围内睡眠需求的系统纵向剂量反应数据。这些数据将开始 解决对青少年睡眠时间的循证公共卫生建议的迫切需求。 了解青少年白天嗜睡的基本原因是国家中心的一个主要目标 国家心肺血液研究所的睡眠障碍研究。拟议的研究将继续进行 通过提供睡眠EEG和睡眠需求变化的第一个纵向描述， 从童年晚期到青春期，再到青年期。这些数据也将影响神经科学 青少年大脑成熟的关键

Project Summary/Abstract The long-term goals of our research are to describe the age trajectories of sleep, sleep EEG, and sleep need, focusing on changes across and through adolescence. Achieving these goals will help fill major gaps in our knowledge, gaps which have direct and important implications for both public health and developmental neuroscience. Insufficient sleep and daytime sleepiness are associated with impaired physical and mental health and behavioral problems. Insufficient sleep is particularly critical during adolescence because of the profound reorganization of the human brain that takes place over the second decade of life. Despite its importance, we lack basic evidence on the quantitative relations of adolescent sleep durations to daytime sleepiness and performance. The recently released American Academy of Sleep Medicine consensus statement on adolescent sleep need was necessarily based mainly on post-hoc studies that showed correlations between poor sleep habits and impaired health and performance. Our proposed project will extend our ongoing prospective dose-response studies of the effects of varied sleep durations on daytime cognitive function, daytime sleepiness and sleep EEG patterns. The first 3 years of this study (spanning ages 10-16 years) revealed a number of interesting findings, including a divergence in the age effects of sleep duration on daytime sleepiness and daytime performance. The Continuing Renewal will extend our studies from mid-adolescence through young adulthood and allow us to determine whether the changes we observed thus far are transient maturational events or continue into adulthood. In addition to expanding the age range, the proposed continuation adds new measures and new methods of analysis of the effects of sleep duration effects on cognition. With the new additional data, the expanded study will span ages 10 to 23 years. By including the transition to young adulthood we can test rigorously the important basic science question of whether the adolescent changes in sleep duration-daytime sleepiness and performance relations are correlated with the steep adolescent decline of delta power in the NREM EEG; this decline is the most massive brain change of adolescence that can be measured non-invasively. The proposed studies will provide the first systematic longitudinal dose-response data on sleep need across this age range. Such data will begin to address the urgent need for evidence-based public health recommendations for adolescent sleep durations. Understanding the basic causes of daytime sleepiness in adolescence is a major goal of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research of the National Heart Lung Blood Institute. The proposed studies will advance that understanding by providing the first longitudinal description of changes in sleep EEG and sleep need from late childhood through adolescence and into young adulthood. These data will also bear on the neuroscience of adolescent brain maturation.