Scientific Information Management and Literature-Based Evaluations for the National Toxicology Program (NTP) - Support for Scoping Activities

范围审查包括对文献进行总结和分类，以便通过系统地搜索、选择和呈现现有知识来快速绘制与特定研究领域相关的研究中的关键概念、证据类型和差距。范围审查可以作为独立的产品进行，也可以支持决策，并可能涉及对现有知识的不同程度的综合。系统审查方法和OHAT系统审查和证据整合办法还包括术语范围确定和问题形成，作为系统审查决策和规划过程的一部分。范围界定是对正在考虑的主题掌握初步背景知识，并寻求利益相关者和客户的意见，以了解对评估主题或提名的兴趣程度，评估进行评估的潜在影响，并确定可能正在进行的相关活动的过程。制定问题是指系统审查过程的第一步，在这一步骤中，对评估中要评估什么以及如何评估达成明确的定义或陈述。一些范围活动正在进行中，重点是心血管疾病、个人护理产品、妊娠高血压疾病、心血管毒性、胎儿生长、沥青和α-蒎烯。 关键词：范围、毒理学、流行病学、暴露、癌症、非癌症影响

Scoping reviews involve the summarization and categorization of literature prepared to rapidly map the key concepts, types of evidence, and gaps in research related to a defined research area by systematically searching, selecting and presenting existing knowledge. A scoping review can be undertaken as stand-alone product or in support of decision making and may involve varying degrees of synthesis of the existing knowledge. Systematic review methodology and the OHAT Approach to Systematic Review and Evidence Integration also includes the terms scoping and problem formulation as part of the decision making and planning process for a systematic review. Scoping is the process of taking an initial background knowledge on a topic under consideration and seeking input from stakeholders and clients to understand the extent of interest in an evaluation topic or nomination, assess the potential impact of conducting an evaluation, and identify related activities that may be underway. Problem formulation refers to the first step in the systematic-review process in which an explicit definition or statement is reached on what is to be evaluated in the assessment and how it is to be evaluated. A number of scoping activities are in progress, focused on cardiovascular disease, personal care products, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, cardiovascular toxicity, fetal growth, asphalt, and alpha pinene. Keywords: scoping, toxicology, epidemiology, exposure, cancer, non-cancer effects