Fostering diversity in the next generation of HIV researchers to improve the HIV continuum of care

项目摘要。意义在实现联合国艾滋病规划署95-95-95目标方面取得了巨大进展 新的预防艾滋病毒的方法开始减少流行病的规模。 然而，在艾滋病毒连续护理方面仍有许多工作要做。艾滋病毒感染者的种族和族裔多样性 研究人员将在开发新的方法来解决目前最好的艾滋病毒的差距至关重要 迄今为止的科学研究。然而，医疗/公共卫生部门代表不足的人的供资率 研究人员远低于白色研究人员（约15%对25%的整体），只有6%的K职业 发展奖的申请人都是URiM的受训人员。Approach.目标1：促进艾滋病毒的多样性 研究计划使用社会认知职业理论和跨差异指导框架， 培训导师的关键技能，以成功地支持URiM学员。每年举办讲习班， 季度会议。在目标2中，该计划专门为URiM提供结构化的研究指导 接受培训的人处理艾滋病毒护理的连续性。受训人员主要是通过驻地和后驻地确定的。 马萨诸塞州总医院的博士奖学金项目，以及 哈佛T. H.陈公共卫生学院;但是，来自其他机构的个人也有资格。 受训人员接受关于艾滋病毒连续护理和职业发展的正式教学，重点是问题 与URiM学员特别相关（例如，隐式偏见，研究的弹性）。导师支持URiM 培训学员获得有关行为艾滋病毒研究的知识，以及提供实际操作的技术和 发展成功的研究事业所需的专业技能。所有活动都是根据以下方面的需要量身定制的： URiM学员和每个人的培训阶段。研究涉及艾滋病毒的以下领域 在国内和全球范围内提供持续的护理：PrEP的提供和坚持;艾滋病毒检测和推广; 联系、继续护理和坚持抗逆转录病毒疗法;长期护理和接受治疗的艾滋病毒的并发症;孕产妇 健康和围产期传播。补充活动将支持为期6周的临床强化计划 有效地“启动”临床研究职业生涯，为那些完成住院医师或从 除上述方案活动外，还将提供补充领域。该方案的主要成果是 具有必要指导能力的艾滋病毒研究导师，以成功支持URiM学员， 以及对实现核心研究的URiM学员的高质量，令人满意和有影响力的指导 能力。其他成果包括实习生奖学金（即，手稿和赠款），进展 学员通过学术研究管道，并忠实于计划的实施。创新这 该计划的创新之处在于：1）有针对性地培训导师，以有效支持URiM学员，2）专注于 过渡时期，许多学员离开学术研究，3）建立一个基础广泛的社区， URiM学员之间的实践，以及4）跨学科的重点，促进交叉协作和团队科学。

PROJECT SUMMARY. Significance. Great progress has been made toward the UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals worldwide, and novel methods for HIV prevention are beginning to decrease the size of the epidemic. However, much work on the HIV continuum of care remains. Racial and ethnic diversity among HIV researchers will be critical in developing new approaches to address the gaps that currently elude the best HIV science conducted to date. Yet, funding rates for underrepresented in medicine/public health (URiM) researchers are well below those of white researchers (~15% versus 25% overall) and only 6% of K career development award applicants have been URiM trainees. Approach. In Aim 1, the Fostering Diversity in HIV Research Program uses Social Cognitive Career Theory and the Mentoring Across Difference framework to train mentors in key skills to successfully support URiM trainees. Workshops are held annually with additional quarterly sessions. In Aim 2, the program provides structured research mentorship exclusively to URiM trainees to address the HIV continuum of care. Trainees are identified primarily through residency and post- doctoral fellowship programs at Massachusetts General Hospital and master’s degree and PhD programs at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health; however, individuals from other institutions are eligible. Trainees receive formal didactics on the HIV continuum of care and career development, focusing on issues particularly relevant for URiM trainees (e.g., implicit bias, resiliency in research). Mentors support URiM trainees in gaining knowledge about behavioral HIV research, as well as provide the hands-on technical and professional skills needed to develop successful research careers. All activities are tailored to the needs of URiM trainees and each individual’s stage of training. Research addresses the following areas of the HIV continuum of care both domestically and globally: PrEP delivery and adherence; HIV testing and outreach; linkage, retention in care, and ART adherence; chronic care and complications of treated HIV; and maternal health and perinatal transmission. Supplement activities will support an intensive 6-week Program in Clinical Effectiveness to “kickstart” clinical research careers for those completing residency or transitioning from complementary fields, in addition to the above-noted program activities. Primary outcomes of the program are HIV research mentors with the necessary mentoring competencies to successfully support URiM trainees, as well as high quality, satisfying, and impactful mentorship of URiM trainees who achieve core research competencies. Other outcomes include trainee scholarship (i.e., manuscripts and grants), progression of trainees through the academic research pipeline, and fidelity of program implementation. Innovation. This program is innovative in its 1) targeted training of mentors to effective support URiM trainees, 2) focus on the transition periods when many trainees leave academic research, 3) creation of a broad-based Community of Practice among URiM trainees, and 4) interdisciplinary focus, fostering cross-collaboration and team science.