SOLAir: Environmental Factors and Diabetes Development in Latinos

项目摘要 糖尿病是一个主要的健康问题；在美国，近一半的成年人要么患有糖尿病，要么患有糖尿病前期 糖尿病。肥胖症和2型糖尿病(T2 DM)之间的联系被很好地描述了， 但对环境因素对T2 DM风险的影响知之甚少。研究越来越多地牵连到 与交通相关的空气污染物(TRAP)会增加患T2 DM的风险--特别是在脆弱的城市人口中， 但到目前为止，研究的结果范围很广，或者在方法上有很大的局限性。其他 社区规模的环境因素，包括建筑和自然环境的方面，也是 T2 DM的潜在危险或保护因素，可能通过与体力活动、饮食和 内脏肥胖症。这项研究将结合最先进的环境暴露评估和详细的 健康措施和潜在混杂因素的数据，包括遗传易感性，以研究这些 关系-在一个全面的框架内--侧重于具有不成比例风险的快速增长的人口 通过西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究(HCHS/SOL)队列，了解T2 DM风险。六六六/溶胶 提供对血糖控制的纵向评估，以及广泛的临床、人体测量、 和心理社会因素，并于2020年初开始第三次全面临床考试。这项提案增加了一项 对HCHS/SOL队列进行多维环境评估，有效利用规划的 考试和其他资助的辅助研究。通过空气污染监测和建模，加速度计 数据、GPS记录、遗传聚类分析和高级地统计方法，该提案采取了 利用一套非常可用的资源来衡量体力活动(数量和地点)， 个人诱捕器暴露、建筑环境特征、遗传易感性和健康措施 同时。《Solair》的目标是一系列假设驱动的、与政策相关的分析，以 理解环境对T2 DM的影响，应用包含相互影响的理论框架 环境因素和体力活动之间的关系。 这项建议将解决以下目标：1)评估长期暴露在与交通相关的空气中 污染物(TRAP)增加拉美裔人患糖尿病前期和T2 DM的风险；2)确定环境 影响T2 DM风险的因素与体力活动相互作用；以及3)检查环境因素是否 通过遗传聚集性、表型特征和 代谢组学特征。

Project Summary Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem; nearly half of adults in the U.S. have either diabetes or pre- diabetes. The link between adiposity and the development of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is well characterized, but less is known about the impact of environmental factors on risk of T2DM. Research increasingly implicates traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) with increased risk of T2DM—especially in vulnerable urban populations, but studies thus far have wide ranges of results or have substantial methodological limitations. Other community-scale environmental factors, including aspects of the built and natural environment are also potential risk or protective factors for T2DM and may act through interactions with physical activity, diet and visceral adiposity. This study will incorporate state-of-the-art environmental exposure assessment with detailed health measures and data on potential confounders, including genetic susceptibility, to study these relationships---in a comprehensive framework—focusing on a fast-growing population at disproportionate risk of T2DM risk, through the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) cohort. HCHS/SOL provides a longitudinal assessment of glycemic control along with a broad range of clinical, anthropometric, and psychosocial factors, and begin a third comprehensive clinical exam in early 2020. This proposal adds a multi-dimensional environmental assessment to the HCHS/SOL cohort, effectively leveraging the planned examination and other funded ancillary studies. Through air pollution monitoring and modeling, accelerometry data, GPS logging, genetic cluster analysis, and advanced geostatistical approaches, the proposal takes advantage of extraordinary set of available resources to measure physical activity (amount and location), individual TRAP exposure, built environment features, genetic susceptibility, and health measures concurrently. The objective of “SOLAir” is a series of hypothesis-driven, policy-relevant analyses, to understand the environmental influences on T2DM, applying a theoretical framework that includes the interplay between environmental factors and physical activity. This proposal will address the following aims: 1) to assess whether long-term exposures to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) increase risk of pre-diabetes and T2DM among Latinos; 2) to determine how environmental factors interact with physical activity to influence T2DM risk; and 3) to examine whether environmental factors contribute differently to sub-types of T2DM identified by genetic clusters, phenotypic characteristics, and metabolomic features.