Fostering Opportunities for Nutrition and Global Health

说明（由申请人提供）：营养不良是全世界死亡和残疾的主要原因，是人口健康和经济发展的主要障碍。在贫穷、营养不足和传染病的恶性循环中，营养不足一直主导着发展中国家的健康状况。然而，经济发展、城市化以及饮食和生活方式的相关变化导致了这些地区慢性健康状况的迅速出现，包括肥胖、糖尿病和心血管疾病。拟议的项目“促进营养机会和全球健康框架计划”将位于马萨诸塞州剑桥市的哈佛全球健康倡议中心。该方案将涉及三个实质性领域：营养与传染病、营养与围产期/儿童保健、营养与慢性病。哈佛大学的参与教师和学生将来自哈佛公共卫生学院、哈佛医学院及其附属机构（包括儿童医院、马萨诸塞州总医院和布里格姆妇女医院）、肯尼迪政府学院、教育研究生院和文理学院（包括哈佛学院）。我们将与印度班加罗尔的圣约翰研究所（SJRI）合作，并与坦桑尼亚和巴西的机构进一步合作。该项目教师在营养和全球健康的方法和实质性方面拥有丰富的经验，并在与发展中国家的同事合作制定重大培训计划方面有着良好的记录。我们建议推广一种多学科的方法来解决营养的中心地位，它对人类和经济发展的影响，以及发展中国家流行病学，营养和人口转变之间的动态相互作用。我们的具体目标包括建立一个框架，将拟议的活动和与营养和全球健康有关的各种其他培训活动结合起来；发展新的多学科课程和课程；为来自哈佛的学生提供实习机会，让他们与合作网站的学生相匹配；并创建了一系列关于营养和全球健康的研讨会和年度专题讨论会。该项目将由PI和联合PI管理，并由指导委员会、框架课程委员会和外部咨询委员会成员提供意见，并将得到强有力的行政支持。将设立一个评价小组，以监测每项活动在实现项目目标和目的方面的有效性，并查明今后执行项目活动需要改进的领域。项目的成功和可持续性得益于参与机构最高行政办公室的承诺和支持，以及哈佛大学的大量资金。项目说明：营养不良仍然是许多发展中国家的一个主要公共卫生问题，并与传染病和不利的围产期和儿童健康结果的高负担有关。在其中许多国家，营养和生活方式的迅速转变导致营养不良的范围扩大，包括营养过度，这导致患心血管疾病、癌症和中风等慢性病的风险更高。我们的营养和全球健康框架培养机会计划将为来自不同学科的本科生，研究生和研究生以及教职员工从事营养和全球健康领域提供坚实的基础。我们将建立一个框架，汇集与营养和全球健康有关的各种活动，并促进这一领域的多学科研究和培训。我们将与印度班加罗尔的圣约翰研究所（St. John’s Research Institute）合作，并与坦桑尼亚和巴西的同事加强合作。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Malnutrition is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and is a major impediment to population health and economic development. Under-nutrition has dominated the health profile of developing countries, within a vicious cycle of poverty, under-nutrition, and infectious diseases. However, economic development, urbanization, and associated changes in diet and lifestyle patterns have contributed to the rapid emergence of chronic health conditions in these regions, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. The proposed project Fostering Opportunities for Nutrition ad Global Health Frameworks Program will be centrally located at the Harvard Initiative for Global Health (HIGH) in Cambridge, MA. The program will address three substantive areas: nutrition and infectious disease, nutrition and perinatal/child health, and nutrition and chronic diseases. Participating faculty and students at Harvard will come from the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School and affiliated institutions (including Children's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Brigham and Women's Hospital), Kennedy School of Government, Graduate School of Education, and Faculty of Arts and Sciences (including Harvard College). We will partner with St. John's Research Institute (SJRI), Bangalore, India and additional collaborate with institutions in Tanzania and Brazil. The program faculty has extensive experience in methodological and substantive aspects of nutritional and global health, and have strong track record in establishing major training initiatives in collaboration with colleagues in developing countries. We propose to promote a multi-disciplinary approach to addressing the centrality of nutrition, its effect on human and economic development, and the dynamic interplay between the epidemiologic, nutritional, and demographic transitions in developing countries. Our specific aims include establishing a framework will bring together the proposed activities and various other training activities related to nutrition and global health; developing new, multidisciplinary curricula and courses; offering internships to students from Harvard matched with students at the collaborating sites; and creating a seminar series and annual symposia on nutrition and global health. The program will be administered by the PI and co-PI with input from members of a Steering Committee, a Frameworks Curriculum Committee, and an External Advisory Board, and will have strong administrative support. An evaluation team will be established to monitor the effectiveness of each of the activities in meeting the project goals and objectives, and to identify areas of improvement for future implementation of project activities. The success and sustainability of the program is maximized by commitment and support from the highest administrative offices of the participating institutions and by significant funds from Harvard University. Project Narrative: Undernutrition remains a major public health problem in many developing countries and is associated with high burden of infectious and adverse perinatal and child health outcomes. In many of these countries, rapid transition in nutrition and lifestyle, has led to a broadening of the scope of malnutrition to include over- nutrition which leads to higher risks of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and stroke. Our Fostering Opportunities for Nutrition and Global Health Frameworks Program will provide a strong foundation for undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students, and faculty members from diverse disciplines to become engaged in the field of nutrition and global health. We will establish a framework that brings together various activities related to nutrition and global health, and foster multidisciplinary research and training in this area. We will partner with St. John's Research Institute in Bangalore, India and develop stronger collaboration with colleagues in Tanzania and Brazil.