Mixed local and regional-scale groundwater flow modelling

地下水模拟模型用于区域尺度和局部尺度，以了解和预测地表水流量、地下水补给和/或地下水抽水的环境或工程变化引起的地下水迁移。为了了解有多少地下水可用，灌溉管理决策或气候变化如何影响我们的供水，以及这些决策和自然变化如何影响当地规模的地下水运动和可用性，我们需要更准确和更强大的区域模拟模型。这些模型被用作水资源管理决策的基础，例如从含水层抽取多少水，如何调节湿地或湖泊系统的水位，或在何处安装新的抽水威尔斯，以尽量减少对环境的负面影响。 在这项研究计划中，新的计算方法，同时模拟区域规模（>1,000平方米）。公里）和当地规模（<100平方米）。公里）地下水流将被开发、测试并应用于加拿大流域。现有模型既可以模拟低分辨率的大型系统，也可以模拟高分辨率的小型系统;因此，它们无法准确评估含水层取水或回灌方面的巨大变化（区域原因）对邻近流域当地地表水流量的影响（当地影响）。本文提出的方法将使用精确和近似数学模拟技术的新组合来突破这一鸿沟。这些进展将使科学界能够开发更好的模型，以预测气候变化对地下水资源的影响，制定可持续的地下水/地表水管理政策，并促进更好地了解区域一级的地下水水文学。

Groundwater simulation models are used at both the regional scale and local scale to understand and predict groundwater migration subject to environmental or engineered changes in surface water flow, groundwater recharge, and/or groundwater pumping. To understand how much groundwater is available, how irrigation management decisions or climate change affect our water supply, and how these decisions and natural changes affect groundwater movement and availability at the local scale, we need more accurate and robust regional simulation models. These models are used as the basis for water resources management decisions, such as how much water to withdraw from an aquifer, how to regulate water levels in wetland or lake systems, or where to install new pumping wells such that negative environmental impacts are minimized.   In this research program, new computational methods for simultaneously simulating regional scale (>1,000 sq. km.) and local scale (<100 sq. km.) groundwater flow will be developed, tested, and applied to Canadian watersheds. Existing models can simulate either very large systems at a low resolution or small systems at high resolution; therefore, they cannot accurately assess the effects of massive changes in withdrawal from or recharge to an aquifer (regional causes) upon local surface water flow in an adjacent watershed (local effects). The methods proposed herein will use a novel combination of exact and approximate mathematical simulation techniques to breach this divide. These advances will allow the scientific community to develop better models for predicting effects of climate change on groundwater resources, developing sustainable groundwater/surface water management policies, and promoting better understanding of groundwater hydrology at the regional scale.