Historical biogeography of tree species in the pacific northwest: a niche modeling approach

今天树种的遗传多样性和遗传变异的地理模式在很大程度上是它们近代进化史的结果。最重要的是，反复出现的冰期和暖期对加拿大树种的地理分布和遗传多样性模式产生了深远的影响。了解这些动态历史和由此产生的遗传变异模式有助于我们在树种改良计划中管理树种的遗传资源，保护自然树种种群的遗传多样性和进化潜力。此外，了解物种过去是如何通过迁徙、适应、范围扩大和/或种群灭绝来应对气候变化的，将有助于我们预测未来它们对人为气候变化的脆弱性。

Genetic diversity and geographic patterns of genetic variation in tree species today are to a large extent the result of their recent evolutionary history. Above all, recurring ice ages and warm-periods have had profound effects on the geographical distributions and patterns of genetic diversity in tree species in Canada. Knowledge of these dynamic histories and the resulting patterns of genetic variation helps us to manage genetic resources of tree species in tree improvement programs and to conserve genetic diversity and evolutionary potential in natural tree populations. Further, understanding how species have responded to climate change in the past through migration, adaptation, range expansion, and/or extirpation of populations will help us to predict their vulnerability to anthropogenic climate change in the future.