Structure, function and dynamics of ATP synthases and rotary proton pumps

ATP合成酶是将来自营养物质或光合作用的能量转化为通用生物燃料来源ATP（三磷酸腺苷）的分子机器。这是生命最基本的过程之一，从细菌到植物再到人类都是如此。了解ATP合酶及其相关分子的分子细节将对医学（了解代谢紊乱）和新抗菌剂的设计产生广泛的影响。

ATP synthase is the molecular machinery that converts energy derived from nutrients or photosynthesis into the universal biological fuel source ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This is one of the most fundamental processes of life and is conserved from bacteria to plants to humans. Understanding how ATP synthase and its relatives work in molecular detail is expected to have wide-ranging implications for both medicine (in understanding metabolic disorders) and the design of new antibacterial agents.