Wide-area information based control and optimization of stressed and smarter power systems

在市场驱动的环境中，网络运营商不能依赖旧的中央规划方法，因为它具有简化的模型和静态确定性的性能标准。取而代之的是，他们转向基于信息的广域方法，以评估和管理日益复杂的系统的动态性能，而不会过于保守。优化大容量电力系统的动态性能是一项艰巨的任务，它需要(1)识别系统部件的准确稳定性模型；(2)通过预测模拟和安全边界的实时监测来评估性能；(3)使用本地设备和超限特殊保护系统的协调等级来进行性能控制。我们的研究涉及所有这些领域，目的是促进出现更智能的电网，更接近其极限运行，以满足我们对可靠性敏感的数字社会，同时整合新形式的可持续能源(如风力发电场)，而不对新的传输设施进行大规模的非生态投资。这三个拟议的研究路径被结合使用分析概念和实际广域测量来提高系统性能的广泛目标联系在一起：1)基于增强型相量测量单元(PMU)的在线识别/监测技术，结合发电机动态(转子速度/角度)；2)广域控制方案，包括使用遥感和驱动进行全球稳定控制，基于智能系统的稳定控制能够根据更精确的值自适应地调整紧急保护，广域和基于代理的防御计划与能源管理系统进行交互，以安全地实现更接近极限的运行。3)基于智能系统和广域测量的在线动态安全和可靠性评估(DSVA)框架，能够有效地响应市场活动和间歇性发电引起的快速变化的条件和压力操作。

In a market-driven environment with unanticipated load flow patterns over wider geographic areas, network operators cannot rely on the old central planning approach with simplified model and static deterministic performance criteria. Instead, they turn to a wide-area information based approach, for assessing and managing the dynamic performance of an increasingly complex system without undue conservativeness. Optimizing the dynamic performance of bulk power systems is a demanding task, which requires (1) identification of accurate stability models of the system components; (2) performance assessment by predictive simulation and real-time monitoring of security boundaries; and (3) performance control using a coordinated hierarchy of local devices and overreaching special protection systems. Our research touches on all these areas with the aim of contributing to the emergence of smarter power grids operated closer to their limits to satisfy our reliability-sensitive digital society, while integrating new forms of sustainable energy (such as wind farms) without expansive non-ecological investments in new transmission facilities. The three proposed research paths are tied together by the broad goal of improving system performance using analytical concepts together with actual wide-area measurements: 1)On-line identification/monitoring techniques based on enhanced Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) incorporating generator dynamic state (rotor speed/angle); 2)Wide-area control schemes including, global stabilizing control using remote sensing and actuation, intelligent systems based stability controls able to adaptively adjust emergency protection to more accurate values, wide-area and agent-based defense plans intercommunicating with the energy management system to safely achieve a closer to limits operation. 3)On-line Dynamic Security and Venerability Assessment (DSVA) frameworks based on intelligent systems and wide-area measurements, that can respond effectively to fast changing conditions and stressing operations induced by market activity and intermittent generation.