Design and Development of a Novel Photovoltaic Based High-Efficiency Charging Infrastructure for Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

随着石油短缺被认为是最关键的全球性问题之一，昂贵的燃料成为客户的主要挑战。目前，最有前途和实用的解决方案在于实际可用的电动和插电式混合动力电动车辆（EV/PHEV）。EV/PHEV可以通过从公用电网为其电池充电来降低燃料消耗。EV/PHEV的典型电池充电时间为6-8小时。所需的充电能量将对公用事业产生巨大影响。或者，光伏（PV）面板可以用于在工作时间或家中为PHEV或EV充电。 该项目将主要包括建模，规模，设计和实施适当的电力电子密集型，高效率，单级光伏/电网为EV/PHEV充电基础设施。该项目中提出的新型充电基础设施也将是通用和智能的，因此可以容纳不同化学成分的EV/PHEV电池以及充电速率。设计的充电基础设施将支持1级和2级电动汽车充电。根据SAE J1772标准，电动汽车的直流充电可以在200-450 V DC，36 kW和80 A（DC 1级）以及高达200 A，90 kW（DC 2级）下进行。该项目还针对EV/PHEV电池系统设计了一种新型智能车载电力电子能量管理系统。 因此，这个特定的项目启动了一个新的最先进的EV/PHEV测试和开发设施的创建，这在加拿大的大学环境中是很少见的。该项目有可能扩展到可再生能源和电动汽车的各种新研究领域，这肯定会吸引来自地球仪的最优秀和最聪明的研究生。从该计划毕业的学生将在专业行业中获得安全的工作，需要EV/PHEV设计的复杂知识。

As shortage of petroleum is considered as one of the most critical world-wide issues, costly fuel becomes a major challenge for customers. Currently, the most promising and practical solution lies in practically available electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (EVs/PHEVs). An EV/PHEV can reduce fuel consumption by charging its battery from the utility grid. The typical battery charging time for EVs/PHEVs is 6-8 hours. The required charging energy will have a huge impact on the utility. Alternatively, photovoltaic (PV) panels could be used for charging PHEVs or EVs during work hours or at home. This project will chiefly incorporate the modeling, sizing, designing, and implementation of an appropriate power electronics intensive, high-efficiency, single-stage PV/grid based charging infrastructure for EVs/PHEVs. The novel charging infrastructure being proposed in this project will also be universal and smart in nature, whereby EV/PHEV batteries of different chemistries as well as charging rates can be accommodated. The designed charging infrastructure will support both Level 1 as well as Level 2 EV charging. According to SAE J1772 standards, DC charging of EVs can be performed at 200-450 V DC, 36 kW, and 80 A (DC Level 1), and up to 200 A, 90 kW (DC Level 2). The project also targets the design of a novel smart on-board power electronics energy management system, for EV/PHEV battery systems. Thus, this specific project initiates the creation of a new state-of-the-art EV/PHEV testing and development facility, which is rare to find within a university environment in Canada. The project has the potential to be expanded to various new research areas of renewable energy and electric vehicles, which will definitely attract the best and brightest graduate students from around the globe. The students graduating from this program will be well-equipped for a secure job in a specialized industry, requiring sophisticated knowledge of EV/PHEV design.