Investigation and analysis at full and pilot scale on operational procedures of biofiltration unit processes in drinking water treatment

生物过滤被吹捧为饮用水处理中为数不多的方法之一，可以减少饮用水设施的化学要求和能源需求。事实上，水环境基金会（2013年）进一步指出，“在北美，缺乏监测和控制BF（生物过滤）的可用和可靠的工具。识别，验证和使用监测和控制工具是必要的，以建立BF（生物过滤）作为一个过程，可以控制，其性能可以预测。“如果没有有效监测其性能的工具，就不可能确定如何运行生物过滤器。全面的研究项目将评估一套分析方法，以促进整体知识基础，特别是支持渥太华市的饮用水服务集团，确定监测和维持生物过滤器在最佳条件下的方法。在全面的碳去除将在12个月的时间内在各种机制进行评估，并将包括监测工具的评估，这些工具可用于帮助满足未来的需求和如何监测生物过滤过程的期望。此外，将研究在不同氯负荷和反冲洗条件下生物过滤和常规过滤的中试规模比较。本研究将提供各种条件下消毒副产物控制、水头损失发展和浊度去除的数据。鉴定和验证将为水处理行业运行生物滤池提供科学和技术进步。从商业角度来看，这将为水处理设备供应商提供关于他们可以向客户销售和提供什么工具的信息，以便更好地改进和操作其工厂中的生物过滤器。从社会和环保的角度来看，结果也很明显--该项目将促进饮用水处理厂的工作人员能够更好地操作他们的设施，从而实现更安全和更可持续的（通过减少化学品和能源的使用）水生产。最后，水处理行业通过推进水处理工艺和增加水处理领域的高素质人才（HQP）而受益。

Biological filtration is touted as one of few methods in drinking water treatment that can reduce chemicalrequirements and energy needs in drinking water facilities. In fact, the Water Environment Foundation (2013)further states "In North America, there is a lack of available and robust tools for monitoring and control of BF(biofiltration). Identification, validation, and use of monitoring and control tools are necessary to establish BF(biofiltration) as a process that can be controlled and whose performance can be predicted." It is impossible todetermine how to run a biofilter without having the tools to effectively monitor its performance. The full scaleresearch project will assess a suite of analytical methods to contribute to the overall knowledge base andspecifically to support the Drinking Water Services Group in the City of Ottawa, in identifying methods tomonitor and maintain their biofilters in optimum conditions. At full scale the carbon removal will be assessedin a variety of mechanisms for a 12 month period, and will include the evaluation of monitoring tools whichcould be used to help meet future needs and expectations on how to monitor biofiltration processes. Further, apilot scale comparison of biolfiltration and conventional filtration with different chlorine loads and backwashwash conditions will be examined. This research will provide data on disinfection byproduct control, headlossdevelopment, and turbidity removal under various conditions. Identification and validation will provide ascientific and technical advance for the water industry in operating biofilters. From a commercial perspective,this would provide water treatment equipment suppliers information on what tools they can market and provideto their customers in order to better improve and operate biofilters in their plants. From a social andenvironmental perspective the outcomes are also clear - this project will facilitate drinking water treatmentplant staff will be able to better operate their facilities which can lead to a safer and more sustainable (throughreduced chemical and energy use) water production. Finally, the water industry benefits by advancing the fieldof treatment processes and adding highly qualified personnel (HQP) in the water treatment field.