In-field treatment of crop residue through physicochemical degradation

为了帮助农业生产者管理他们的作物残留物，SaskCanola进行了田间规模的试验，以评估残留物降解对萨斯喀彻温省农场油菜出苗率和产量的影响。作物残茬降解对油菜籽生产有重大影响。降解产物和降解水平决定了营养物的生物利用度。因此，有必要开发一种直接评价作物秸秆降解的方法。然而，SaskCanola没有技术和专业知识来评估作物残留物分解的过程和程度。我们将为SaskCanola提供所需的技术和知识，以了解田间管理实践如何影响作物残留物降解，这将有助于最大限度地提高萨斯喀彻温省的播种和油菜籽作物产量。建立傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术数据库，对作物秸秆降解产物进行准确、直接的测量。红外光谱将有助于鉴定作物残留物中原始和降解组分的官能团，并量化其变化。它将提供详细的降解产物的识别和降解程度。拟议的项目将帮助农业专家深入了解萨斯喀彻温省农作物秸秆退化的物理化学特征。这将有助于确定适当的耕作和处理组合，以最大限度地提高未来的产量，同时满足最小的管理需求并回收有价值的养分。这些先进的技术将成为加拿大农业生产的宝贵资产。它还将通过减少农业浪费和生产绿色产品，使环境和社区受益。

To help agricultural producers manage their crop residues, SaskCanola had conducted field-scale trials to evaluate the impact of residue degradation on canola emergence and yield on Saskatchewan farms. Crop residue degradation can have a significant impact on canola production. Degradative products and degradation levels determine the bioavailability of nutrients. Thus, it is necessary to develop a method for direct evaluation of crop residue degradation. However, SaskCanola does not have the technology nor expertise to evaluate the process and extent of crop residue breakdown. We will provide SaskCanola with the technology and knowledge required to understand how in-field management practices affect crop residue degradation that will help to maximize seeding and canola crop yields in Saskatchewan. A database for FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) technique will be developed for accurate and direct measurements of the degradation products of crop residue. The IR spectra will help qualify functional groups of original and degraded components in crop residue and quantify their changes. It will provide details on the identification of degradative products and degradation degree. The proposed project will help agricultural specialists gain insight into the physiochemical characteristics for the degradation of crop residue in Saskatchewan. It will be beneficial for identifying appropriate combinations of tillage and treatments to maximize future yields, while meeting minimal management needs and recovering valuable nutrients. The developed technologies will become valuable assets for Canadian agriculture production. It will also benefit the environment and communities by reducing agricultural waste and producing green products.