Evaluation of Cold Climate Window Installation Methods

当考虑到两个建筑围护结构组件连接上的热、空气、湿气和湿气的连续性时，在不透明的墙组件中安装窗口产品可能会带来巨大的挑战。这一关键时刻一直是一些研究的主题，最引人注目的是拉卡斯和阿姆斯特朗通过加拿大建筑研究所国家研究委员会进行的研究。虽然这项研究是有益的，但联邦研究资金的变化并不允许完成这项研究。此外，关于地区性安装实践以及发现创新但经济的安装实践以提高建筑可持续性和耐久性的可能性仍然存在疑问。目前对建筑科学原理和应用的了解导致许多设计专业人员、制造商和行业依赖于假定的最佳实践或过时的安装方法。本研究项目致力于发现倾斜的窗台和后坝可能带来的好处，窗户排水路径内的压力均衡控制，不透明墙和窗产品之间隔热对凝结和热损失控制的重要性，并应用结果来开发具有成本效益且易于重复的现场安装方法。这项研究继续着拉卡斯和阿姆斯特朗的工作，但也旨在发展对极端寒冷气候条件的区域关注。这是一个被许多窗户安装指南忽视的领域，这些指南通常侧重于激进的湿度管理方法。在寒冷的气候中，空气泄漏和热传递优先于高湿度暴露，但并不减少水分管理的重要性。这项研究将研究最多十八(18)种窗户安装方法，模拟典型的住宅建筑实践和材料。测试样品将经受空气和水的渗透测试，并通过热测试和计算机模拟来检查热传递。广泛使用数据采集和可视化文件将提供一个全面的数据集，以分析和制定结论和建议。通过项目持续时间获得的观察结果、结论和建议将有助于为业界制定推荐的窗户安装方法，以详细且更易于理解的格式提供技术报告，并帮助教育未来的专业人员进行熟练的行业和技术计划。拟议的研究成果可以扩大关于改进施工方法的集体知识，从而使行业和国家都受益，为降低成本贡献新的施工方法，提高建筑环境的耐久性和可持续性，并培养新兴行业专业人员和老兵。

The installation of fenestration products in opaque wall assemblies can pose a significant challenge when considering the continuity of thermal, air, moisture vapour, and moisture across the connection of the two building envelope assemblies. This critical juncture has been the subject of some research, most notably by Lacasse and Armstrong through the National Research Council of Canada's Institute for Research in Construction. While the research was beneficial, changes in federal funding towards research did not permit completion of the research. Furthermore, there remains questions around regional installation practices and possibilities of discovering innovative, yet economical, installation practices that increase building sustainability and durability. Current knowledge of building science principles and application lead many design professionals, manufacturers, and trades to rely on assumed best practices or outdated installation methods.This research project endeavours to discover possible benefits of sloped sills and back dams, pressure equalization control within the window drainage path, importance of insulation between the opaque wall and fenestration product for condensation and heat loss control, and apply the results to develop cost effective and easily repeatable field installation methods. The research continues on the work of Lacasse and Armstrong, but also aims to develop a regional focus on extreme cold climate conditions. This is an area overlooked by many window installation guides that typically focus on aggressive moisture management methods. In cold climates, air leakage and heat transfer take precedent over high exposure to moisture, but does not diminish the importance of moisture management. The research will examine a maximum of eighteen (18) window installation methods, simulating typical residential construction practices and materials. The test specimens will endure air and water infiltration testing, along with examining heat transfer through thermal testing and computer simulation. Extensive use of data acquisition and visual documentation will provide a comprehensive dataset to analyze and develop conclusions and recommendations. Observations, conclusions, and recommendations gained through the duration of the project will help inform development of recommended window installation methods to industry, Technical reporting in detailed and more easily digestible formats, and help educate future professionals in skilled trades and technology programs. The results of the proposed research can benefit both the industry and the nation by expanding the collective knowledge on improved construction methods, contribute new construction methods to decrease cost, improve durability and sustainability of the built environment, and train emerging industry professionals and veterans alike.