Practical Methods for Efficient Estimation of Effective Thermal Resistance of Exterior Walls

研究表明，住宅部门约占加拿大能源消耗的18%，其中近60%归因于空间供暖。住宅采暖能耗在能源成本方面给用户带来了沉重的负担，在高峰需求方面给能源基础设施带来了沉重的负担，在燃烧化石燃料造成的温室气体排放方面给环境带来了沉重的负担。这些问题导致人们把重点放在提高加拿大住宅的能源效率上。提高外墙的热工性能有助于降低建筑能耗。为了实现这一目标，设计人员需要明确的指导方针和简单的方法来预测不同配置下的墙体有效热阻(R值)。目前，计算砌块墙体R值的方法包括过于简单的假设，这往往会导致不准确的结果，或者是昂贵且耗时的数值模拟。拟议的项目重点是开发简单但准确的模型，使用分析和统计方法来估计不同墙系统的有效热阻。该项目的最终目标是开发创新的工具(例如计算方法及其在线用户界面)，并为建筑业提供通用、易于使用和免费的直观指南(例如设计图)。这些成果将提高建筑围护结构的能源和材料效率，提高建筑设计的生产率和成本，并增强加拿大建筑业的商业和技术能力。项目成果包括经济多样化和建筑施工部门的技术发展。从环境角度来看，这些方法和工具将减少加拿大建筑的体现能源和温室气体排放。

Studies have shown that the residential sector is responsible for about 18% of Canada's energy consumption, nearly 60% of which is attributed to space heating. The space heating energy consumption of homes places heavy burdens on users in terms of energy costs, on the energy infrastructure in terms of high peak demand, and on the environment in terms of GHG emissions due to the burning of fossil fuel. These matters have led to a focus on improving the energy efficiency of Canadian dwellings. Improving the thermal performance of exterior walls can help reduce the energy consumption of buildings. To achieve this goal, designers require explicit guidelines and simple methods to predict walls' effective thermal resistance (R-value) in different configurations. Currently, the options to calculate the R-values of masonry walls consist of overly simplifiedassumptions that often lead to inaccurate results, or expensive and time-consuming numerical modeling. The proposed project focuses on developing simple yet accurate models to estimate the effective thermal resistance of different wall systems, using analytical and statistical approaches. The ultimate goal of the project is to develop innovative tools (e.g., calculation methods and their online user interfaces) and provide intuitive guidelines (e.g., design charts) that are universal, easy to use, and cost-free for the building industry. These outputs will improve the energy and material efficiencies of building envelopes, increase productivity and lower costs in building design, and enhance the business and technical competency of the Canadian building industry. The project outcomes consist of economic diversification and technological development in the building construction sector. From the environmental perspective, these methods and tools will reduce the embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions of Canadian buildings.