All-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery design via graphene-based materials

不断增加的二氧化碳排放和全球变暖已经导致了世界范围内的生态恶化，并且在减少温室气体（GHG）的同时找到新的和更好的方法来满足世界对能源的日益增长的需求的挑战。在加拿大，交通运输部门是2018年第二大温室气体排放源。我们提出这个研究项目的长期目标是商业化的固态锂硫电池（LIS），具有高能量密度，耐用性和安全性，以增加电动汽车（EV）的未来应用，以及全固态LIS袋状电池制造和原型组装的短期目标。为提高电池性能，将利用石墨烯基材料，合理设计和开发硫阴极和固体电解质。 将采取几种方法来优化电池性能，通过操纵石墨烯，包括石墨烯表面改性，将杂原子引入石墨烯，将单原子催化剂（SAC）引入石墨烯，以及石墨烯三维电极构建。该项目的总体交付成果是一个全固体LIS袋式电池（2 Ah，400次循环保持90%），以评估开发的石墨烯基阴极和固体电解质的放大能力，并证明制造LIS原型的可行性。电动汽车是减少空气污染的关键技术，也是促进能源多样化和温室气体减排目标的一个有前途的选择。随着全球电动汽车市场的预计规模，电池制造能力的扩张将在很大程度上受到汽车市场电气化的推动。通过促进一系列基于石墨烯的材料，我们相信LIS有潜力超越锂离子电池技术在成本、能量密度、循环寿命等指标上的性能限制，被认为是未来最有前途的商业化储能装置。

The increasing carbon dioxide emission and global warming have resulted in worldwide ecological deterioration and challenges to find novel and better ways to meet the world's increasing needs for energy while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG). In Canada, the transportation sector was the second-largest source of GHG emissions in 2018. We propose this research project with a long-term goal of commercialized solid-state lithium-sulfur battery (LIS) that possesses high energy density, durability and safety toward increasing the future applications of electric vehicles (EVs), and short-term goals of all-solid LIS pouch cell fabrication and prototype assembly. To improve the battery performance, sulfur cathode and solid-electrolyte will be rationally designed and developed with the facilities of graphene-based materials. Several methodologies will be undertaken to optimize the battery performance by manipulating the graphene including graphene surface modification, introducing heteroatoms to graphene, incorporating single-atom catalysts (SACs) to graphene, and graphene 3-dimensional electrode building. The overall deliverable of this project is an all-solid LIS pouch cell (2 Ah, 90% retention for 400 cycles) to evaluate the scale-up capability of the developed graphene-based cathode and solid electrolytes and prove the feasibility of manufacturing a LIS prototype. EVs are a key technology to reduce air pollution and a promising option to contribute to energy diversification and GHG emissions reduction objectives. With the projected size of the global electric vehicle market, the expansion of battery manufacturing capacity will largely be driven by electrification in the car market. By facilitating a series of graphene-based materials, we believe LIS has the potential capability to push the boundaries beyond the performance limits imposed by Li-ion battery technology on indicators such as cost, energy density, cycle life, etc., considering as the most promising future commercialized energy storage devices.