Dispersal and Group Dynamics of Chimpanzees and Baboons at Gombe

不同的灵长类物种以不同的传播模式为特征。人们普遍认为，分散模式是一种适应，通过增加个体交配的可能性，从而将其基因传递给后代，从而增加个体的选择适应性。黑猩猩和狒狒都存在于坦桑尼亚的贡贝森林，它们各自表现出不同的分布模式。在黑猩猩中，大约一半的雌性会永久地离开它们的出生群体，另一半则会暂时离开。在狒狒中，雄性狒狒迁移，但第一次分散的年龄从3到9岁不等。此外，一些雌性狒狒在群体分裂时离开了它们的出生范围。为了试图了解不同模式的成本和收益，pi将与Jane Goodall合作，使用她详细的实地记录；可追溯至20年前的音符。此外，他们将在未来三年内通过直接观察来扩大对贡贝这两个物种的研究。在与坦桑尼亚科学家合作下，他们还将开始对每个物种范围内的植物物种分布进行新的研究，从而测试生境丰富程度与扩散模式之间的关系。

Different primate species are characterized by differing patterns of dispersal. It is generally felt that the dispersal pattern is an adaptation which may increase the selective fitness of individuals by increasingly their likelihood of mating and hence passing their genes on to subsequent generations. Both chimpanzees and baboons are present in the Gombe Forest of Tanzania and each demonstrates a different dispersal pattern. Among chimpanzees, about half of the females leave their natal group permanently and half leave temporarily. Among the baboons, it is the males who emigrate but the age of first dispersal varies from 3 to 9 years. Additionally, some female baboons leave their natal range at the time when groups divide. In order to attempt to understand the costs and benefits of the different patterns, the PIs will cooperate with Jane Goodall in the use of her detailed field notes; notes which extend back for as much as 20 years. In addition, they will extend the studies of both species at Gombe for the next three years by direct observation. In cooperation with Tanzanian scientists, they will also test the relationship of the richness of the habitat to the dispersal patterns by initiating new studies on the plant species distributions within the ranges of each species.